Computer Components Overview

Motherboard

• Definition: Wide and flat circuit board; main component where all others connect.
• Function: Facilitates communication between various parts of the computer.
• Cost: Relatively inexpensive compared to other components, yet considered the heart of the computer.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

• Definition: The brain of the computer.
• Function: Runs most programs and manages operations; excels in complex mathematical operations and processing large lists.
• Data Storage: Usually has low data storage but is efficient in its usage.

Hard Drive

• Definition: Storage unit where all data is kept.
• Function: Stores large amounts of data.
• Accessibility: Slow at accessing data due to spinning discs; shared through a small wire.
• Common Issue: "Running low on space" indicates hard drive nearing capacity.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

• Definition: Temporary data storage system.
• Function: Stores data for quick access to the CPU; faster than hard drives.
• Limitations: Limited storage capacity and data is lost when the computer shuts down.
• Usage in Gaming: Loading screens occur as data is transferred from hard drive to RAM for quicker access.

SSD (Solid State Drive)

• Definition: Alternative to hard drives.
• Function: Similar to hard drive but faster and more durable.
• Technology: Newer and often more expensive; can be paired with hard drives.

Graphics Card

• Purpose: Creates 3D visuals and manages pixel colors on the screen.
• Functionality: Acts as a standalone computer for graphics.
• Integrated Options: Some CPUs have integrated graphics cards, but generally less powerful than dedicated units.

Power Supply

• Function: Converts electricity from an outlet to power the computer.
• Note: Must provide enough power for all components.

Case

• Definition: Plastic box housing all computer parts.
• Formats: Common sizes include mini tower, mid tower, and full tower.
• Tip: Choose case size based on other component sizes to ensure a good fit.

Cooling System

• Need: Essential for areas generating heat (CPU, graphics card).
• Types: Air cooling and liquid cooling; each has advantages and disadvantages.

Wireless Card

• Function: Provides Wi-Fi connectivity for internet access without Ethernet cables.