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What are some key measures for lifestyle management to prevent heart disease?
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Low salt, low grease diet, quitting smoking, and regular exercise such as walking.
What are contraindications for coronary stent procedures?
Limited life expectancy or severe comorbid diseases.
What were the steps involved in coronary procedures before the introduction of stents?
Only balloon dilation was used.
Why are coronary stents preferred over surgery?
They are quicker, involve fewer complications, and often allow same or next-day discharge.
What are some common complications of myocardial infarction?
Reduced heart function, longer closure period, and larger range of damage, often leading to non-recoverable complications.
Which patients are considered high risk for recurrence after stent procedures?
Patients who have had a myocardial infarction.
What is the primary goal of coronary interventions?
To widen blocked coronary arteries, restore blood flow, and treat conditions like chest pain (angina) and heart attacks.
What is the recurrence rate of restenosis after a coronary stent procedure?
5-10% per year, higher if medication is stopped.
What lifestyle changes are essential after a coronary stent procedure?
Active medication, cardiac rehabilitation exercises, and managing risk factors like diabetes, high blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia.
What conditions are treated by coronary stents?
Atherosclerosis, angina, and myocardial infarction.
What type of medication is recommended post-coronary stent procedure and for how long?
Long-term antiplatelet drugs: Dual therapy for 6-12 months, then lifelong single drug.
Describe the process of inserting a coronary stent.
A stent is inserted through vessels in the wrist or leg, navigated to the heart via a tube, and then expanded in the narrowed vessels.
What is the purpose of drug-coated stents?
To prevent muscle cell proliferation and restenosis by releasing anti-cancer drugs.
List some potential complications of the coronary stent procedure.
Leakage, rupture, stent displacement, blocking blood flow, and infection.
What materials are coronary stents made of?
They are made of metal and remain in the blood vessel after the procedure.
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