and i will launch into the presentation if at any point this presentation stalls or you're not able to see it please just unmute your mic and let me know i want to make sure you get the most of the workshop today okay so welcome again everyone to ap citation and style if you have any questions throat please feel free to unmic yourself or unmute yourself rather or raise your hands at the end of the session today you will be able to explain apa style and why it's important define plagiarism and recognize how to avoid it i'd be able to identify where to find help with apa and identify basic steps to create an apa citation oh and i'm just realizing that for some reason a lobby was added to this group so i apologize if at some point i will have to um switch back and forth to admit people in okay so i know apa was introduced at uh orientation and again in the learning for success module but just in case anybody is unfamiliar with it apa is a citation style it stands for the american psychological association so they're the association that makes all apa rules sometimes because the library is often a main source of help for apa we tend to think of the library as the place maybe where those rules were made but we actually did not create any of the apa rules it was all created by this association we just help you follow them apa provides a guidelines for how universities papers researchers students and faculty's work should look and it does that by providing guidelines on formatting so that includes the structure of your paper things like font headings just the general layout of it all it identifies how to give credit to your information or how to cite sources and this was talked about a lot in the learning for success if you happen to be in those weeks and if you were not participant or if you're a returning student you know that citing sources is very important to not only ensure you are upholding academic integrity but to ensure that you're giving credit to where you got all of your sources apa also helps prevent plagiarism and this is going to be a topic that we come back to in just a few moments but it's really important that you are making it very clear to readers where you got all your information so that they can see that you've done all the hard work to gather credible and trustworthy sources and that you can have the integrity of your paper just to create that transparency so readers see you've done the hard work and they see you give credit to where credit is due apa is also important because it's the mandatory citation style here at ucw it is paramount to your success that you understand apa and by participating in workshops here like this one today you're really setting yourself up for success because you can get to the ground rules for understanding why we use it and where you can go to get help with it and that's going to help you throughout your program so i mentioned the term plagiarism before in just a few minutes ago and in case you're not familiar with it plagiarism is the act of presenting another person's work as your own this can include but is not limited to copying someone's words without giving them credit using someone's ideas without crediting them or improperly paraphrasing and i'm not sure if you're familiar with the term paraphrasing but it basically involves capturing someone's ideas usually by summarizing them and you'll be capturing them in your own words so you're taking the idea from somewhere but rewriting it entirely in your own words and that's really important because um sometimes there's a misconception that paraphrasing involves you kind of take an idea from a source and you change one or two words and that's paraphrasing but that's not true in order to properly paraphrase you have to rewrite the whole idea in entirely your own words plagiarism can be done accidentally so you could forget something forget to include a citation to improperly paraphrase or can be done on purpose but regardless of those two it is your responsibility so that's why we really want to equip you with all the skills needed to ensure that you can prevent any plagiarism even if it's accidental and the best way to do that is to be able to identify where your resources are and that's what we're going to be talking about today okay so i'm just going to check to make sure there aren't any questions before we move on so i see in the chat it says does pair this paraphrasing is not plagiarism um i'm not 100 certain what you mean so i'm going to see if i've gotten it right and if i don't understand your question right just interrupt me and you can turn your mic on but if you properly paraphrase so if you properly summarize somebody's ideas and then you give them credit that is not plagiarism however if you write it in such a way where it looks like you've rewritten it but you've only changed one or two words and you don't properly cite it then it could be then it would be considered plagiarism is that clear i will be providing a number of examples but it's just to introduce you to these concepts early on great okay so usually um the biggest thing to consider when we talk about apa is what do you need to cite because that can be a hard thing to get your mind wrapped around as we start a program or if you head back to school or this is a new concept to you so you need to cite anything in your paper that is not your own words or thoughts that can include ideas so if like we were just talking about paraphrasing if you've taken an idea from somewhere but have not used their original words you still have to give credit to where you got the idea from you need to cite exact wording quotations or phrases that's usually what people are most familiar with so if you are reading an article and you find this brilliant quote that you want to incorporate into your paper you can so long as you properly cite it you'll also need to cite images figures diagrams charts or graphs and this one is often overlooked so if you want to use a graph from your textbook let's say because it illustrates um i don't know let's say a marketing method and how it can improve sales or something like that it's totally fine to use these outside images or graphs you just have to cite where you've got them from and that allows the readers to go back and see where you got it from to see if it's trustworthy and also be able to find the original document if they want to explore it further along with knowing what to cite you need to know what you don't need to cite so you don't need to cite your own opinions experiences interpretation or analysis in your paper you want to ensure that you have your own ideas reflected and those are things you will not have to cite but then you want to use examples or research to back up your opinion and that's where you find credible sources so credible sources act to defend or really support your own ideas or opinions and you want to make sure you're citing those external sources you don't need to cite things that we consider common knowledge and this one can be a little confusing but i usually like to explain it in that if you were to go outside and ask five random strangers on the street if you can confidently assume that they all know the answer to something then it's likely a common knowledge so something like water freezes at zero degrees celsius or that justin trudeau is our prime minister things like that are usually are considered common knowledge and you don't need to cite however when in doubt you can always provide a citation so i have this activity um and i'm just going to read out the term and then in the chat or if you want to unmute yourself we're going to say yes or no as to whether we need to cite it so if you have a statement like i like reading books about whales do you need to cite that yes or no no i hear somebody say no perfect no and that's because that's the opinion piece so things that are your own opinions you do not need to cite what about ottawa is the capital city of canada no perfect that's going to be that common knowledge we were talking about no uh what about over 60 percent of canadians have a bachelor degree or higher yes yes fabulous okay yeah we have a percentage that must have come from research at some point we need to prove where we got that number from what about the statement a 2016 study concluded that heart attacks were most commonly brought on by stresses great we're talking about a specific study we need to support that where we got our information from so we need to provide a citation this last one is a little tricky i contend that poor diet is the main cause of heart disease yes or no no no no no okay so i hear yes and no and this is the one where it gets a little tricky so the term content is your own opinion so no you do not need to cite however if you make a statement like this in your paper you would have to then go on to defend why you believe that that's where you would bring in an external source and that's what you would cite is that clear that distinction between you're making an opinion statement and then you're using sources external to support that or defend that is that clear to everybody no no it's not okay it's not okay so if you were to write in your paper that um you think like let's use this sec uh this 60 if you were to say i think um a lot of canadians have bachelor's degrees you could think that but then you need to go on to defend it so then usually the next statement would be in your paper you'd say i think most canadians have post-secondary because a study said over 60 percent have and then when you get those numbers and when you get the specific information used to defend your opinion you have to cite where you got that specific information so in the i contend that poor diet is the main cause excuse me yeah and and that will be not uh fragilism would you not use plagiarism if you said that uh resources where you find that you source it so plagiarism is when you don't give credit to where you got the idea so if you were to say this statement and then you follow it up okay all right okay i understand thank you yeah no problem i'll just just in case there is any other questions that other people might have but for the when we say whether we cite it that means do we do we provide the information for the source are and remember if we are citing something we are avoiding plagiarism so this last one is it we put it in there to be a little tricky to get everybody to think about it because opinion pieces don't require a citation because they're your own ideas but why you think that and where you got the information to start forming that opinion you do need to cite i'm just going to check and see if there's any other questions before we move on i noticed in the chat earlier on there were some questions i'm just going to scroll back sorry so clear it one more time whenever i do the paraphrasing i mean all the same things with my own board also i need to cite it yes exactly if you're you so you need to cite and i'll go back let me go back to this last page here you need to cite ideas that includes paraphrasing so even if you've rewritten something using somebody's ideas you still need to pair uh cite it or if you've used their exact words quotes or phrases or if you've used an image from somewhere all of these things require a citation uh great great then uh i mean one more relative question i have assumed that i was given about a topic that i have no idea about then i will search two i mean articles in reality scholar or ucw library i will read the whole through the those mentioned two articles then and now i have an idea to write my essay in in brainy story but whatever i have in mind comes from those two articles that means i have to cite all my essay i mean so as an instance yeah you got my question company here i understand what you're saying so this is where um you'll find as you develop your academic writing skills what the main goal for a paper is is to uh use sources to learn about a topic but then you want to make sure you're also incorporating your own voice or your own interpretation on what you read so even if you got a topic you didn't know anything about doing background research is important but then you also need to incorporate your own ideas about it so if you read two articles and they have they agree on some things and they disagree on other it is expected in academic writing that you incorporate your interpretation or you add your own thinking to it and that's where you wouldn't cite so you'd cite everything that you took from the sources so you'd say um let's say you're writing it on i don't know immigration in canada and you found three articles on it everything that you've taken from those articles in your paper you would have to cite but you're probably gonna have other ideas about it from outside those articles or maybe in reading those three they have a they disagree on one point maybe you want to explore it further so you could say in reading this first article i noticed it didn't talk about the financial burden or something like that so those pieces where you're doing your own interpretation you're doing your own reflection you don't need to cite is that clear the distinction like where you got your ideas from has to be cited but there is an expectation that you're also doing an evaluation and some critique outside of just regurgitating information because your authors and or your professors want to see that you've understood what you've read and you can apply it my voice actually my interpretation need to be reflected in the article and it's a must yes so you there should be your own personal reflection in there as well as a citation as to where you got the ideas and i like to encourage students to think about citation and sources as like they're gonna defend whatever it is you're saying so they're a way for you to make a statement and then have a defense to it it makes your paper stronger and it gives value to what you're saying because then a reader can read your idea and then know that you just haven't made it up it comes from something it comes from research in the field and we're not going to go into much detail today but tomorrow there's an academic research workshop that shows you how to do academic research and a key element of that is is that what we're citing we want to ensure that we're citing sources that are strong trustworthy reliable sources because that again adds value to what we're saying so they go hand in hand these two skills so i highly encourage you to also check out the academic research workshop tomorrow just because we won't have a chance to talk about it today but it is good to keep in mind that these sources and these citations they act as kind of defense for whatever it is you're saying but you you will learn over time and nobody uh this is definitely a skill that you have to practice but learning how to use evidence and also putting in your own voice and in your own words hopefully that's clear excuse me yeah i have a question uh as you saw has all the sentences which we extract from the articles should be cited but what about eternity and when i for example cite all the sentences in the quotation and when i uh put it through the turnitin and this percentage of the similarities uh will be high higher than usual uh what should i do i should paraphrase all the sentences uh what should i do about it okay so that turn it in in case anybody's not familiar with it trinity is that is that similarity checker what i want to stress is that i know we talk about it in terms of a plagiarism checker but it's better to think of it in terms of a similarity checker so what it is is it's like this fancy algorithm that's looking to just see where do these words and ideas where do they exist elsewhere so you will find that if you're quoting things it might be flagged but that doesn't mean that you're pla plagiarizing if you've properly cited them so if you have a direct quote and then you properly cite it it's not plagiarism even if it shows a reflection of similarity so even if they can say this came from somewhere else if you provide a proper citation you are not plagiarizing because you're giving credit to where you got your idea it just becomes important to know how to properly cite something yes but uh how much uh similarities is acceptable uh for the university yeah that's a good question we get that a lot we don't give a percentage because of the fact that it doesn't check for plagiarism and checks is for similarity so there isn't one number that's going to be a good number a bad number ultimately you want to ensure you're it's not too high because then you're missing that okay hold on let me back up you want to ensure it's not too high because of the last question a student brought up was how much of your own work needs to be in there you want to ensure your paper has your own work and your own voice in it so we don't want a hundred percent or very high number because that shows that you haven't put in any of your own work to your paper but there isn't a magical number we set simply because if you're using quotes you might get a higher number even if it's not plagiarized even if you've properly cited it just because it's not sophisticated enough to know the difference between similarity and plagiarism so these are tools for you to help prompt you to think about it it might notify you in case that's an area that you you hadn't realized was the same or you just to make sure you've cited it but it's just a tool at the end of the day you're responsible to know that you've properly cited it i'm just gonna see there's a number of comments so just give me one second i see somebody said how to put images and figures in apa um at the end of the presentation we're gonna go over some examples and then afterwards i can show you um an image at the very end if you'd like um and then clementine says i don't understand why we have to do research on the topic as long as we don't paraphrase the idea i'm not 100 certain what you mean by this you you have already explained sorry i wrote this before thank you now okay fabulous that's always good okay i'm just going to scroll down to the bottom make sure there's no other question and then we'll continue on oh i see here you've written another question if i use someone's ideas in paragraph one how many times i show that reference i provide the concern the first paragraph as i have other sources okay um we'll go over in detail when we get to the in-text citation part these are great questions by the way because they really show that you've all started to think about citation and i know apa is something that we talk about a lot i know plagiarism can be a very stressful topic to students but please know that we're going to provide you with the skills we expect that people are entering with a lot of different levels of comfort with it so as long as you're working hard to practice these skills we talk about today you will be okay but this is a quite a detailed one so clementine i'm just going to come back to when we get to the in-text citation okay but i will answer this question because it's a very good question and a lot of people will have it great thank you no problem so i'm just going to go ahead to this one here and that's because this is kind of what we were just talking about so um there are two kinds of citations when we talk about apa there is in-text citation which exists in the body of your paper and then there's a reference list which is at the end of your paper every time you some cite something it must appear in both of these places and that's because the in-text citation alerts readers that the information that you're talking about right there is not your own whether it's your own idea or your own uh wording or phrasing then the reference list provides all the information a reader needs to find whatever it is you're talking about so you need both of those pieces because you want to alert them immediately where you've started to use someone else's ideas and then you need to give them all the information they need to verify that source or to find it if they're looking for it so that's why you need both of them and that's why they must appear in both places the first one we're going to talk about is that in-text citation and that's when clementine's question came up this is what i was talking about so this is in the body of your paper and it will always include the last name or names of the author and the date and it would look like something like this so let's say we found an article by jones it'll alert that it was written in 2015. if you're copying the exact wording or if you're quoting something you'll also include the page number and if we think about why we're citing which is to give to create transparency where we got our ideas from we include that page number for direct quotes just to make it easier for readers to find whatever it is we're talking about so we just want to make it very clear to readers what is in our own ideas and we want to ensure we're upholding that academic integrity to give them all the resources they need to find what it is we're talking about or to evaluate our information by finding those sources when we're paraphrasing which is again summarizing ideas it would look something like this so if we were to write scientists argue that complex carbohydrates can be beneficial to the human body i'd provide the citation saying jones 2015. so immediately to the readers they can see that this idea has been paraphrased from an article by jones 2015. i can also present it so this is the most standard way of writing it i could also present it as jones 2015 argues that complex carbohydrates can be beneficial to the human body what we can see by writing it in these two different ways is that the same amount of information is being presented to readers either way readers can see the last name and the year we can present it in two different ways because you will find as you start writing that you are citing maybe the same things over and over again or it could get really repetitive in our writing styles if we always had them in the same way this provides um two different options to get the same amount of information presented in clementine's question she asked if you were to introduce a source you're using so if you're using an article to explain complex carbohydrates how many times do you have to cite jones 2015 a good rule of thumb is if your talk if you're spending a whole paragraph talking about jones 2015 often you'll only have to cite it once in that paragraph at once you start talking about it because then you'll just be making reference excuse me to jones but it's good practice at least once in every paragraph to cite the sources you're using because you just want to make it very clear to readers where you got your information from thank you no problem um i'm just gonna see okay great so the other thing we're talking about was direct quote so that's where we're using the exact wording or phrasing from somewhere just like i said before we'd have the author's last name the date and then for direct quotes we also include the page numbers to make it easier for readers to find our information the other piece we need to ensure we have are these quotation marks this notes to readers where we're starting to copy that wording from so at what point we've stopped using our own wording and where we started to use the exact wording from another source so here you could write scientists have discovered that quote eating whole grains vegetables fruits beans and legumes and nuts is vital to the human body immediately readers can see you've gotten this wording because of the quotes it we know instantly it's a direct quote you've gotten this wording from jones 2015 and if i were to go to page 150 i could find that exact sentence you could use that same flipped um presentation that we just showed in the other one where we could say according to jones 2015 scientists have discovered that quote eating whole grains vegetables fruits beans legumes and nuts are vital to the human body so even if we've switched where we're presenting this pieces of information the last name the year and the page number we still are being very clear about where our quotation has started with the with the direct quote this is presented the beginning of the sentence just like paraphrasing but then the page number will be at the end no matter what this can seem like it's hard to remember but you'll find that every time you write in-text citation it's either going to be just the last name the date or the last name date and page number so as you practice it you will get this just like we talked about in orientation and we talked about in the learning for success if you're approaching this with a growth mindset you're building on what you already understand and i want to emphasize that with practice and patience you can acquire these skills so this is definitely not outside your skill set you're just going to have to work to kind of learn the little rules involved okay so i'm just going to see if there's any questions before i move on to the reference list some i see how to rate a definition i'm not 100 percent sure what you mean on that like um if you're using a definition for a actually could you could you explain what you mean by that you wanna turn on your microphone nope uh well i will say um we will give explicit examples as we get through the presentation so hopefully i'll answer that question oh here we go if we ask how to write definition our own words with citations so yeah if you're defining something like a complex carbohydrate and you were taking it from that jones article you would use the paraphrasing example if you wanted to use it in your own words so you're taking whatever the definition is where you got the idea to define it from in your own words you would then follow the guidelines for paraphrasing if you were copying the wording of a definition you would use the rules for a direct quote uh yeah if you have a question you're welcome to turn on your microphone sure thank you i actually my question i think that maybe will be raised for the other classmates later on assume that i'm a writer author as a and you are another author and your name is b okay then i will paraphrase your sentence and i will put in my essay okay assume that i am your hyperphrase your sentence and i will uh keep it in my essay then the other person the third person will find myself my article might say then he is going to source whatever i paraphrase from you because i'm and i'm facing these things with this issue then how he has to see person i mean i mean uh in in reference these two questions will pop up here in reference list has to i mean keep your name or just mining or i mean either of us and then in citation takes how it can be for one question to reference fine in citation things how he has to uh keep it there he has to again paraphrase what are paraphrased from your original sentence or he or she has to just copy and paste him uh in the essay okay i know it's complicated absolutely so that's called secondary sources and it is quite complex so if you're all right with it at the very end of this i'll show you an example of it and i'll work through it but it's a bit complex for now because we just want to introduce these concepts so at the very end i'll answer that okay sure great i mean that's fine thank you no problem so just to get back to what we were talking about initially we talked about how there are in-text citations which immediately in the body of the paper alert readers to um the fact that you've used other sources and then at the end we have a reference list this is on a new page at the end of your paper it'll be titled references and it'll be centered and bolded it's going to be double spaced it's going to be in alphabetical order by author's last name and it's going to provide all the information you need to find the resource so this is an example here this would be the last page of your uh paper it would have a reference here and you can see by author's last name it's in order you can also note that it goes indented after the second line that uses um this is all of the formatting here is all created by that apa standard because if you remember apa sets standards around formatting so it sets rules here it sets what order it needs to be in how the font changes all of that are all part of these apa rules that we're going to talk about what i want to remind you all is that the goal isn't to memorize all these little rules the goal instead is to understand that there are rules and where you can go for reference as you're creating them because we have something called an apa quick guide which you can use every time you're creating a citation and that will help you create these citations with all following all these rules without having to just memorize it because it's more important you understand it then you can just in your own head write it out every single time so no fear i'm going to show you where you can get that okay so when we talk about an apa citation when we look at those reference lists the elements are the different pieces of those reference lists that we just were looking at so here when we look at the author here and then we look at numbers here and then this piece is italicized all of those different pieces are called elements and they're all pieces of information you need to create a citation the main elements that you're going to find in all references is a title an author and a date and that's just because that's the very minimum you need in order to find whatever source you are you you're using pardon me now different sources different kinds of sources will need different amount of information because if we think about it in terms of if you wanted to cite a book you need to provide the information for a reader to go out and find that book whether it's at a library or a bookstore if you're citing a website you're going to need to provide different kinds of information so that they can find the website in the book you probably have to identify the publisher whereas a website you're going to need to provide a url so keep that in mind when we're going to show the different samples of it it's just what we need to provide in order for the reader to find whatever source you're talking about and that's why they differ depending on the kind of source you're using this is an example of a citation for a journal article we can see here that they've labeled the different elements that those different pieces that we were talking about and here it shows that it's got the author's last name followed by the year publication the article title the journal title the volume the issue number page number and a doi for those of you not familiar a doi is a digital object identifier it's just a unique link that no matter where it is in online it can help direct readers to it so it's a great resource to include for all journal articles because we want to make it as simple for the readers to find what it is we're talking about all of these elements are needed to provide a proper journal citation but just like i said it's not a matter of memorizing this because there are already guides available to help provide this information to let you know what elements are needed in what order and in what format so even though it looks overwhelming don't worry this is just to provide you with what uh the end will look like and then i'm gonna show you how we can create this together so what are the steps to creating an apa citation we need to first identify the source you're using is it a book our website whatever then we need to find an example and that's going to be using that apa quick guide which i'm going to show you in just a moment then you're going to find the information in your source and then you'll just fill in the different elements that are needed in the right order and then you'll have your citation so step one as i said if we were um whatever it is we're using so we need to identify is it a book we're using is it a website is it a journal article is it a newspaper we need to know that step one step two is to find it in the apa quick reference sheet so i'm going to stop sharing my powerpoint and i'm gonna just switch to i'm gonna switch to the desktop just for a moment and we'll go here so if we are on the library page can everyone just can somebody let me know that they can see this you can see the library page yes thanks perfect okay [Music] so if you go to the page of the ucw there's a lot of background noise can you insure your mic perfect thank you so much so sorry can we just can you just make sure your mic is off is it your gun perfect thank you okay so on the ucw library page there is a tab here called apa and plagiarism there's also one here called apa help both of these buttons will take you to the same place if you click it you will be brought here this has a number of resources to learn more about apa we have videos we have a copy of this workshop all presented we also have a whole video on paraphrasing here as well but the thing i want to show you right now is that ap quick guide that we were just talking about if you click on it here you're going to be brought to a pdf i encourage everybody at the end of this session to go and download this copy because i really believe it will help you throughout your program this is the source that you can use every time you're making a citation so rather than memorizing all those rules you can just use this guide to help find what it is you need so it starts by providing information on apa formatting rules it talks about those in-text citations that we were just talking about it explains paraphrasing so what are elements that you need when you're paraphrasing author last name and date and then what are the elements you need when you have a direct quote author last name date and page number so it's just a reminder can be it's found on the website anytime you need a refresher but then when you're getting into the reference list this is where i say you can go to find the example so if we know because we've done step one was identify the source if we know that we have a journal we can go to this section with journal magazines and newspaper and we can find the exact template for what we need to create it includes all the elements in the correct order with all the formatting rules needed that's why we have to say step one is so important is identify a source because if we know it's journal we can go instantly to this section and find the rules needed to create a citation for a journal if we determined it was a website we go down here to websites and we'd see the rules needed and again the different elements are are there because different kinds of sources have different needs as far as when you're going to identify them because a website you need a url a journal article if it's a printed journal article you don't need a url it gives you a number of different samples so we have reports we have books encyclopedias databases business case studies audio visuals including music tvs and then we also have images somebody mentioned how to create an a citation for an image this provides all the steps needed if it's an image from a website if it's an image from a journal article and then it gives you examples this resource is pulling out all of the most important pieces from that apa manual because remember we don't make the rules of the library but we've pulled out all those key elements um and rules and we've just made it easier for students to use so please i highly recommend you go and download this art uh guide okay so switching back to and i apologize i'm gonna have to stop sharing my screen and reshare the powerpoint oh it won't let me anymore so okay i'll just share my screen still so as we saw in step one we identified the source so in this case it's a journal article step two we found the example in that apa quick reference guide so we would go here we would go to journal and we would copy this with all of the elements and formatting into a separate page and that looks like this step three is to find the information we need from the source you're using this can seem like it would be maybe challenging if you think about it but honestly most of this information will be on the cover page or the detailed report page so this information should be quite easy to identify and we just go through it and see what are all these pieces and then you try to track it down in your own example so we'd identify an author's last name the year the title of the article the title of the journal volume number issue number page range and the doi so we just see those are all the elements needed now we just need to track down those elements in our own source so let's try it together if we had this article can we identify the authors feel free to yell them out all together anybody no tom really yeah arcade perfect yeah so it's just on the very cover page we can see super easy to identify the authors what about the dates 2017 absolutely that's just right up here and then the article title this one's a little trickier but can we see the article title union business leave practice in fact yeah what about the journal title so often i i will say in some of the times we've run this workshop there was confusion around that but you're absolutely right this is the article title and this is the journal title up here so that's great that you were able to identify it yeah next what about the volume number 46 yeah so that's just right up here you can see a 46 and four there's a trick because citation will present apa citation presents it with the number here the volume and then in brackets and issue anytime you see numbers presented like this this will be volume and this will be issued but it's great you were able to identify that already what about the page range [Music] 342 to 367 perfect absolutely and then the doi i will not make you read out because it's a lot of numbers but it's just right here and so you could just copy that here so we can see that all of this information was just from this cover page sometimes it you have to go to one other place or you'll have to scroll down to find it but the point is is that this information should not be hard to track down okay so we've identified the elements we needed these were the elements and then we found that information in the article now we just have to fill it in so so this is the uh template that we found on that quick guide this was the information from all those element pieces and then we just put it in using the same formatting we found and it would look like this is that clear how we created that is there any questions about how we we were able to create that i see a couple hands right so clementine how to find an article on the portal that's where academic research comes in so i'll show you at the end of this where you can find more information about that and also i'll point you to the workshop tomorrow because i highly encourage you check that out in order to find that information today we're just talking about citing sources okay so if that makes sense then i'm going to also note a common question we get usually people say this is a lot of work what about if we just use an automatic citation generator and you may or may not be familiar with these these are usually exist on most article pages and they provide um usually a citation you can say what kind of style you're going to use and they'll create it these are you can absolutely use these to create the initial citation however i want to stress that i have never seen a citation generator that created a perfect citation there is always errors and there are always problems so if you want to use the generator to kind of do some of that initial work for you that's totally fine but then you must use the guide and check that the information is correct you have to make sure that the font is right that there are periods between each of the elements that includes all of the pieces that you need because at the end of the day it's your responsibility that you create a proper citation so using generators is totally fine so long as you do all the work needed to check every single one of them and as i said that quick guide was taken from all the larger rules created by the apa resources so that's the manual created by the american psychological association and they're the ones setting all of these rules that we've been talking about today once it is safe for us all to gather back up at the school we have a number of copies of this manual that you can explore but all of those key pieces of information have been translated into that quick guide so i usually recommend people start with a quick guide just because it's much easier to use than this big manual and then the other thing to point out is all the resources that we have available so we talked about that apa and plagiarism guide on the website and on it we pointed to that quick guide which i recommend everyone download after this but then i'm also going to show you where a word template is in a sample paper so i'm going to switch my screens again and go back here and so remember if you go to the library page apn plagiarism button you get to this page here this first one is that quick guide the second one is a word template this word template has been pre-formatted to comply with all apa rules so it's already been formatted the spacing's already been done for you the headings have already been done you can download this word document and just copy and paste your own writing into it without ever having to worry about those formatting rules because it's been done for you so it's a great resource available the other thing i want to point out is a sample paper so i'm going to click this one this one is using that apa template we've just created a fake paper so you can get a sense of how it should look so we see this is what a cover page should look like this is what an abstract should look like an intro page with the proper headings and page numbers and then if we scroll to the bottom we remember that there should be a separate page with references double spaced here and we can find that so here we see it's bolded by author last name and we can get that information here so this sample paper is just something that we can use to make sure that our final products comply with all the apa rules and finish that format and those are all found just right here on that apa and plagiarism tab the final thing i want to point out to you and then i'm going to open it up to all the general questions is that if you go to the library tab again i want to make it very clear how you can reach out to the library for extra help because we recognize that learning these skills is a process this is these are skills that you're going to be developing throughout your program and i hope we've made it clear that there are a lot of online resources for you but if you still have questions you can always reach out to the library to do that you go to the about us page here and it provides you with our contact information so you can through the portal email us by typing in the ucw librarians if you go to that messaging right here on your portal or you can send us an email to ucw library at ucanwest.ca both of these are a great way of getting in touch with librarians here at ucw to get any additional help you might need alternatively like we we are available throughout the day we also check on uh over the weekend but if you're looking for help faster we also have ask away so if we go to the library page again and maybe you remember this from orientation hopefully this ask away chat right here if you click on it this chat allows you to instantly chat with a librarian from across the province we at ucw the librarians here we do work with askaway but there's also other librarians here from outside the school and you can start a live chat that you can get instant help with anytime eight ask away is open and ask away has longer hours than we do so you can ask usually anytime between nine and nine however information on the hours will be posted on the webpage but here you could say um i won't actually send it because there is somebody there because it's a green light so there's somebody sitting on the other end of that but i can say i can't i need help with apa citation for this article i'm having trouble identifying the journal title no problem a librarian could help you with that so this ask away these are the hours here these ask away is always available on the webpage and then our contact information is always available under the about us so i know that's a lot of information to throw at you all at one time but i'm gonna just stop sharing my screen now and i'll open it up to questions um actually maybe i'll start with or is there any other questions that anybody has about what we've just covered before i move into possibly that more complex secondary sourcing question somebody had do you have a question no please no okay you could just turn off your mic then just preventing background noise okay if there are no other questions then that is the end of our formal presentation today i really hope that you got a clear understanding of what apa is that it is a citation style it's used to give credit to your sources it is a way in which we can all continue to uphold academic integrity by being very clear to our readers what are our own ideas and where we've gotten other elements from and it is the required citation style for ucw so you will need to learn it but give yourself a little pace be patient with yourself it is a process to learn these things and the library is here to help you i just want to remind you again library can be reached by contacting us through email or you can instant chat with the ask away service so for anybody who doesn't have any other questions you're welcome to leave the workshop now thank you so much for being here and participating you guys were a great group and for anybody who wants to stay for questions i will make myself available for the next probably 15 minutes for any questions you do have so thank you um i do have a question may i ask sure oh thank you um so the first thing is that um i've i've read in the in the apa guide that we should not include when we write introduction we should not include the word introduction itself should include uh the title of the essay let's say uh but how about the conclusion um is any guidance um by the apa if we should just write conclusion and then write our own awards or um or write something else i'm not sure if my question is clear um i think so i think you're saying like whether you need to have a conclusion as a heading is that what you mean yeah yeah exactly i don't think you like for apa you don't need one um that usually is a writing style uh decision so some people will choose to have something like that because it fits with their own headings like sometimes you're creating a table of contents and you want that conclusion in the table of contents so you'll create it but as far as the rules for apa it's not required oh i see but there's like no problem to write it right that becomes more of a stylized issue and i would just check with your professor sometimes they have ideas about it but as far as apa goes no you don't have to but there's also not rules against using it okay oh that's that's awesome thank you so much uh my last question is just that i checked on the library resources in the portal and i saw that um i actually could not access the resources available like the books the ebooks available it said that there was some kind of trouble with this system so i'm not sure if you know anything about that uh off the top my head i don't simply because um it might be an error that just occurred while we've been in this session or possibly it was beforehand when i was preparing for this but i will say if there's ever an error with the library service please send us an email we can do a lot of troubleshooting on our end and then if there is a bigger problem we'll send everyone an email to let them know when it's what the problem is and when it's been resolved so thank you for notifying me i'll make a note of it and i'll check it at the end of this thank you very much thank you are there any other questions hello hi there this is clementine hello i just heard down about the how to find a article on my ucw portal i tried to find it but i didn't find maybe i'm not familiar with this how you find water what were you looking for on the portal sorry uh article articles yeah so that that's where researching comes in so i'll take you oh i'm not sharing my screen anymore let me reshare my screen mm-hmm and if we go here you can be normally you can search the ucan search bar here however we're currently working on the website so you have to use the advanced search here yes here and we can see if there's a problem accessing you can just search here and it'll search for reflection yes and if it comes this we then select a field or what a field i i don't know yeah okay so that is actually um that's quite a big question you're asking so what i'm going to point you to instead is the workshop so remember i mentioned where we went to today to get access to this workshop tomorrow at 1 30 p.m vancouver time there'll be a full introduction of library research they'll talk about how to access articles how to do advanced search how to even evaluate the information you're finding i highly recommend you tomorrow tomorrow when i say oh my god i will not be there i have an appointment oh my god okay well if not you can go to the research page here right after that apa one and at the bottom they have a recording of the presentation okay so it is an hour long just like our workshops but it will do the full introduction to library research thank you very much you're welcome are there any other questions and yes when are you three or more sentences from the same source um how we can societies three or more sentences from the same source yes yes okay yes thank you so if we go to the quick guide and i don't 100 remember where it is so let me find it along with you here we go it gives you instructions on how to do long quotes or block quotes for anything more than 40 words and it'll give you full instructions here is that clear no problem and that actually leads us to i'm gonna just check cause i don't remember your name masaod your question about secondary sources which is such a great question because it comes up a lot it just is a complex one that's why i usually recommend we save it later but at the section right under long quotes and this is on page three of the quick guide it gives you introductions for how to use secondary sources secondary sources are when you're citing an article that's already cited something else so in this case here we're talking about smith who was cited in a becker article it can get a little complicating we say use it sparingly only when needed because um the first priority is to find original sources so we always recommend that if you can try to identify whatever that article that you're using has cited so if you want you gave the example of an article like you found article c that cited oh my goodness no way this is going to be complicated um if you're you found an article that's talking about an article from earlier try to find that earlier article as an original source so if you see it and you're like oh this is interesting this is a good piece of information try and see at their reference list where that original piece of information came from and try using that when it's not possible when you can't track it down then you can use the secondary sources rules and it usually looks something like this here but all of this information can be found here i just want to stress that you you use it sparingly because it's not as strong of a defense it's not as it's not as useful as if you were to use whatever that original piece of information is is that clear i apologize it's quite a complex concept so yeah thank you just what if uh i mean just i copy and paste uh what you started from original uh article is it plagiarism i will mention your name for sure or the first i mean the original one in the reference list i will mention it just i will not mention the name of you that you paraphrased from the original one i thought it does say you have to include both you have to include both where you got it from and where they got it from okay in the reference list in the references yeah and sometimes in text as well so go to that quick guide and read the rules on page three and you'll see that it says that you have to identify that you got it from smith as cited in becker now i know i see that i have already downloaded the i mean the quick apa but i mean because what i'm challenging now it's not it is not reflected in that quick guideline so i'm asking that if i just mentioned original one references and i will mention your name i mean as a reference in the reference list then for the reference is fine just in for the text citation uh i will just mention your words that you most probably are present from the original one then i mean in the side text i will not refer to original one i will mention whatever you have done already whatever you tried already for sure you you have mentioned already the original one and paraphrasing in the year also the last name and yeah i will predict them but i mean uh in the thai side text i mean i i'm not going to mention your name just the original name is if it is there so shall i say is it kind of plagiarism and the teacher instructor the the simulator i mean whatever it is we will raise the red flag as a plagiarism or i mean okay let me see if let me just make sure i understood if if you found an article so if you found oh my goodness how am i going to say this so it's clear if you found article written by a who cites b if you can find b's article and you can read it and you have access to it then you can use that information and not talk about a because you've actually acquired b but if you can't get that original b article and you're using the a article even if they talk about that other article's information you still need to include information about a and b because you're only actually engaging with that first article so that one has to be included yeah the reference list is it's fine i will key no worries i mean i will keep the a and b in reference i'm talking about sites i mean text citation in text citation i'm going to just make sure that meaning no you have to do both in text as well so you'll do it like this so here this example is in text so this example of smith as cited in this is this would be the article this would be the original author the first one as cited in the newer article and this is an in-text citation yeah or like this so both of these are examples and then at the end it would also be in the reference list but if i do not mention it's plagiarism somehow yeah because you're not being clear about where you got the information but the name is in the reference list fine but you have yeah there's a lot of rules like that where you think like oh maybe they should just know but you know we didn't make up the rules we just have to follow them yeah that's that's fine okay but i think if you do not decide taxation inside um so it takes citation exactly what is reflected here and you are showing me if i do not mention what something i mean maybe it is not plagiarism maybe i mean just i guess i'm guessing here i'm not sure maybe it is not religious because i reflect in the references both and in the cyclic text citation the name of the original one is there but the name of the b i mean the name of the b is not mean in text citation maybe it is not plagiarism you have to provide both because the reason is is because when you get to the ref if somebody's reading it and you only provided one and it's not the one that's linked to the reference list how will the reader know that that came from that source yeah it's just true so that's that's the reason it's just to make it easier for the reader to understand where you got the information and then how to follow that up with getting the needed information yes sure sure thank you you're welcome are there any other questions i apologize if that was very confusing to some people it's quite a complex question but if it comes up you know that it is available on that quick guide for you are there any other apa questions is it possible to uh explain uh more about it and again more about what sorry this time this question uh you explain about um citation the one i just explained about secondary resources yes yes okay so secondaries so i'd encourage you to go and read the quick guide but basically secondary sources are when you find an article that has referenced another article the first step is to try to find that original article and use that if you can't then you have to cite both of those articles in a very specific way and you have to follow those rules on the guideline and they're called secondary sources because basically you're saying that you've gotten your information from one location but that one location has also cited other sources if you want the main article it's okay yes i mentioned the first original one uh yeah sometimes you can't find the original but it's it's good practice to try to find the original because that will be a stronger argument if you're going to the original research but if you can't then you can do the secondary yes thank you you're welcome are there any other questions i see somebody has their hand up oh that was was that the question you just asked anything hello hi uh i have one but it's not apa related i'm the one who asked for uh about the classes that i missed oh yes um okay i'm not softbody is not related to ap that's okay i'll just show you um what would be the best way for me to provide that information maybe what i'll do is in the chat i'll give you uh andrea's email because andrea robin is probably going to be your best place to get that information from because if she was leading the class she probably has a recording of it perfect thank you no problem hold on one second and i'll find it for you and just give me a second it's coming i swear okay so i just put it in the chat box if you want to contact robin she's the learning specialist she's probably going to be able to direct you to where to get that recording thank you for your great presentation thank you you're welcome thank you so much for engaging and being present today are there any other questions well if there are no more questions i'll probably i will end this meeting but please please please reach out to the library if you do have any questions following the session and check out the ap and plagiarism tab on our website because you're going to find a lot of really important resources there um sorry again i there is a problem with my chat chat section i think it's not getting updated do you want me to read out the email address do you have a pen please thank you thank you very much so her name is andrea a n yes d-r-e-a dot robin r-o-b-i-n at ucanwest.ca thank you very much you're welcome okay everybody i'm going to close the session now thank you all again