Hostile Architecture Lecture Notes

Introduction

Hostile Architecture: Urban design strategies like spikes or oddly shaped benches to influence public space usage.
Purpose: Control cityscape and environment usage.

Example: New York City
- Benches with gaps make seating uncomfortable.
- Spikes prevent skateboarders or comfortable sitting.
- Public fountains gated off.
- Issues with privately owned public spaces (POPS):
  - Since 2007, NYC prohibited devices inhibiting seating.
  - 2017 audit found over half violated city requirements, failing to protect amenities.
- Businesses prioritize profits over public space maintenance.
- Public spaces often lack seating.
- Disproportionate effects on differently-abled individuals.

Example: Bristol
- Trees spiked with bird spikes to prevent birds from perching.
- Potential hazards from falling branches.
- Nature adds beauty and should coexist with urban spaces.

Examples of Hostile Architecture
- Heat vents with spikes to prevent use for warmth.
- Leaning benches, armrests preventing lying down.
- Rocky pavements, spiked windowsills, curved benches.
- Retractable spikes, flickering lights causing discomfort or harm.
- Focus on making homelessness less visible rather than solving the issue.

Community Actions
- Cementing over spikes.
- Sawing off armrests on benches.
- Providing mattresses and small libraries in public spaces.
- Using liquid cement/resin and foam to counteract spikes.

Emphasize the need for accessible public spaces.
Mutual aid and community solutions are essential.
Advocacy for spaces where all individuals, including the homeless, can find rest and comfort.