Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++

Overview of OOP Concepts

• Previous discussion on OOP vs. Procedural Programming
• Introduction to OOP concepts in C++
• Key concepts to understand:
  • Class
  • Object
  • Abstraction
  • Encapsulation
  • Inheritance
  • Polymorphism

Importance of Practice

• Regular practice is essential for success, especially in coding interviews.
• Suggested resources for coding problems:
  • Geeks for Geeks:
    • Coding questions on various topics (DSA, algorithms, company-specific).
    • Useful for both students and working professionals.

OOP Concepts Explained

1. Class

• Definition: A blueprint of an entity, defining core properties and functions.
• Example: Class Student
  • Common properties: two hands, two legs, height, weight, color.
  • Common functions: can eat, can sleep, can study.

2. Object

• Definition: A real-world entity with physical existence.
• Example: Rahul as an object of the Male class.
• Memory allocation occurs when an object is created from a class.

3. Inheritance

• Definition: Mechanism to inherit properties and functions from a parent class to child classes.
• Benefits: Code reusability and productivity.
• Example: Male and Female classes inheriting from Student class.

4. Abstraction

• Definition: Hiding implementation details while showcasing relevant details.
• Example: Coffee machine with a single button versus a detailed process.
• Importance in large applications to avoid complexity.

5. Encapsulation

• Definition: Wrapping of data and functions into a single unit, often referred to as data hiding.
• Example: Keeping private data in a class and accessing it through public methods.
• Enhances data security and privacy.

6. Polymorphism

• Definition: Ability to take many forms.
• Types:
  • Overloading: Same function name with different parameters.
  • Overriding: Child class modifies a function from its parent class.
• Example:
  • Overloading: Function sum can sum different types of numbers.
  • Overriding: Child class modifies the walk function definition.

Conclusion

• Basic understanding of OOP concepts is crucial for C++ programming.
• Upcoming videos will cover these concepts in more detail.
• Questions can be asked in the comment section for further clarification.