Transcript for:
AP World History - Unit 1 Review

let's review everything you need to know about unit 1 the global tapestry in AP World History modern before we get going two things first this is a review video I'm here to review this unit with you we got time to go back and cover every single topic in detail that's what your class is for this video is to review all of that information your teacher threw at you over the past few weeks and arrange it in one digestible video so that you can pass your test and get a five on the exam in May second I made you a study guide it covers all the big ideas and key concepts for the global tapestry you can download it from the link in the description below from the ultimate review pack you know what I'm gonna do I'm going to throw in all the answers to the study guide as well just go down there into the comment section you can find the link let's start from the beginning and in AP World History that means the year 1200. now I made a whole video on what's going on in 1200 that makes a good starting point for the course and you should never focus on dates but you should always focus on periodization think of periodization as breaking down the course into four different periods your teacher might present the course to you in nine separate units but you need to see the course as four different time periods you can see from this graphic that the course is really divided into quarters today we zero in on that first period the post-classical period the first two units both take place in that first period 1200 to 1450. you don't want us a quick tour of the major world regions during that time period and unit 2 is all about how those regions connected in this time period oh that's another thing make sure you know these regions for the course when your teacher asks you questions and more importantly when the College Board asks you questions and may you need to be able to tell the difference between East and Southeast Asia or South Asia and the Middle East no then this map all right periodization is important regions are important but you clicked on this video for unit 1 review stuff so let's review unit 1 stuff our Global tapestry in unit 1 consists of six different regions each section covers the history from that region from 1200 to 1450 and heads up the College Board straight up tells you what percentage of the exam will be on each unit and the first two units these are two of the smaller ones you can see here eight to ten percent of the exam each check out units three four five and six that they could be up to 15 each but not today unit one is eight to ten percent of the AP World History the global tapestry of unit 1 kicks off in East Asia no matter when you're talking about East Asia you almost always need to start with hey what's China doing they were a big deal in 1200 they're a big deal today they'll be a big deal tomorrow so what is China doing from 1200 to 1450 until you get to unit 7 China is on that dynastic cycle that means they have an emperor who rules as an absolute monarch until he dies then his successor does the same thing until a whole other group were dinosaur D comes in and takes over and then they crown an emperor and repeat the whole process there are four different dynasties covered in AP World History and you need to know them all and since it's 1200 that means the Song Dynasty you don't need to know a ton of songs specific stuff you don't need to know specific capitals or Emperors but you do need to know a bunch of Chinese dynasty specific stuff and this goes for every section in unit one by the way but how does this group rule this region in East Asia the song We're a dynasty they have Emperors that rule over the people they stack their bureaucracy which is a fancy word for people who work within the government to make the government function with the civil service exam this exam is built on Confucian principles of mutual respect filial piety and personal ethics another generic thing to focus on for unit one are the belief systems for the most part these are going to stay the same throughout the course know these in unit one and you'll know them in units two through nine here's a map of the major belief systems from 1200 to 1450. all of these are mentioned in unit one so be comfortable with the base six locations and spread of these belief systems in the first period from 1200 to 1450. okay there are two more things to focus on for East Asia first everybody is copying China I mean they're the biggest economy on Earth until 1900 so game recognized game am I right the big stuff to focus on here are things like filial piety which is just a fancy word for respecting your elders that's a main tenet of neo confucianism which spread along with Buddhism to Korea and Japan the last thing to focus on for East Asia is the economy the solar economy is kind of what their most known their economy was three times larger than all of Europe's when the court kicks off in the year 1200. I mean they kind of got it going on economically I mean chop rice paper paper money gunpowder porcelain and all of it connected by the Grand Canal don't get too attached this all goes away in unit two and the Mongols come to town so how's your study guide looking by the way see if you can go back and complete the section on East Asia now that we just reviewed that section and if you're stuck or you don't know an answer you know I got that key for you I know that was a ton on 1.1 but to be honest East Asia and then next section darl Islam are probably the most important in unit one Speaking of Daryl Islam some quick vocab for you darl Islam means the world of Islam it's everywhere Islam is the major belief system you can see that this covers most of the Middle East told you the AP World Region's matter think of East Asia as dominated by song China well in western parts of aphro Eurasia it's all about Daryl Islam but darl Islam is fragmented in the centuries prior to 1200 CE darl Islam was mostly under the control of one group The Abbasid caliphate but much like the Song Dynasty the abbasides have a heart out at 1258 CE when the Mongols take bhagnet in reality they have been slowly fading as a power since the death of Herod Al Rashid back in 809 so if the caliphates are done so what's next the New Kids on the Block are the Turks I made a map because of course I made a map these are just some of the Turkish Empires that ruled throughout afro-eurasia during this period the Turks themselves are a collection of very diverse peoples originating in Central Asia and their sultanate think of these like an Islamic Kingdom that dominate the globe Global tapestry west of China now the Arabs aren't gone they're just not in charge of the sultanates anymore you don't have to memorize these Empires but you do need to know that the Turks are in charge it spreads any number of ways in places like South Asia it's spread through Warfare and places like South East Asia AKA Indonesia is read via merchants in trade and in places like Central Asia it often spread through the network of sufis sufis by the way are the vocab word for Daryl Islam so let's focus on them for a second if you look at the basics of Islam as a belief system it has a very clear cut and dry system of how the faith operates things like the Five Pillars but for some people that's not enough some required a more mystical personal spiritual relationship with Allah think of the sufis as mystical Islamic monks and they spread across Asia in fact when he traveled across Asia on one of his massive Journeys he said he didn't so much travel the world as he went from one Sufi order to another so once you know the Turks are in charge politically you need to really focus on Daryl Islam for their Innovations and transfers your teacher could have used a million different examples here because there are a million different examples here here think of East Asian doll Islam as first the preservers of ancient and classical knowledge and then the innovators that improved well beyond what they learned from the classical World these are things like algebra trigonometry Sufi poetry medical procedures and Medicine scientific classifications of plants animals and diseases look you're reviewing so pick one of these or whatever your teacher was obsessed with these aren't just some historical tangent by the way these are a major part of the cultural Legacy of Darla slump in this period not only did they innovate they also provided for the transfer of technology and intellectual Innovations across time and space think of all that ancient Greek philosophy they translated it and made commentaries on it when the Europeans rediscovered Aristotle they thought he was Islamic that's how well they preserved the classical world when the Europeans completely forgot about a Greek philosopher from Europe daral Islam reminded Europe they literally transferred Greek knowledge back to Europe if you need a specific building to represent all this knowledge go with the house of wisdom and Baghdad but don't get too attached 58 years into AP World History right at the beginning the house of wisdom will fall alongside the old abbison caliphate that's two sections double back to that study guide give that section A Try have we mentioned some people to know yet feeling better about chompa rice and the sufis okay The Heavy Hitters of unit 1 the global tapestry are East Asia and darl Islam if you are wondering what you should study the most it's those two what about the other four sections in this unit 1.3 is South and Southeast Asia told you this unit was a bit of a world tour now if you're looking at Europe and Darla Islam you'll find three big religions there's Judaism Christianity and Islam but here in South and Southeast Asia it's a different Trio Hinduism Buddhism and Islam each have their own impacts and different regions and varying legacies as far as the College Board goes this is basically a section about these religions and where they are located I made this map for this section and you can see there are a ton of Buddha and Hindu States in this AP World region do not memorize them all pick one of each my faves for Islam the Delhi sultanate for a Hindu State Vegeta and for a Buddhist State go with Jaya honestly this region is massively important just not in unit 1. double down here in unit 2 because the trade route to Indian Ocean trade is arguably the most important one so Jump Ahead to unit two for more here or just wait until you watch that video later in the end either way oh one quick vocab word before we leave bhakti remember a second ago when I said how the sufis emerged as a more spiritual personal relationship with Allah well the bhakti movement is that for Hinduism by 1200 Hinduism was in full-blown competition with Buddhism for The Souls of the people of South and Southeast Asia the bhakti movement emerged as a more spiritual version of Hinduism to kind of rival what was being seen in Buddhism study guide check just saying 1.4 is all about the Americas and boy is it vague like literally this is all the college board gives you here in the Americas as an afro-urasia State systems demonstrated continuity Innovation and diversity and expanded in scope and rage your teacher could have chosen any number of places to focus on but if you want some low-key return on investment here focus on the Aztecs and the Incas they both show back up in unit 4 and they are two of the largest most influential State systems in the Americas for the Incas focus on their location the vertical archipelago of the Andes Mountains their labor system called the Mita or the turn system and the Incan Road think of the Roman roads but up in the mountains for the Aztecs focus on their genius chinapa farming system and obviously the human sacrifice but that's really it to review for the Americas they want you to know how they grew and developed over time I double down on the Incas and their growth along the mountains and how they connected using the roads and built the Empire using the media system 1.5 is all about Africa they give you as much information here as they do on the Americas so not a lot again think of 1.5 State Building in Africa like 1.3 South and Southeast Asia it's really hard to talk about any of it without focusing most of your brain matter on the trade route in this case the trans-saharan trade route fortunately for you this route gets its own section in unit 2. basically it links West Africa to Daryl Islam with all of the technological and cultural exchanges you might expect most notably Islam salt and gold as for actual Empires focus on Mali a dominated sub-Saharan Africa from 1226 to 1670. the most famous person from Mali is undoubtedly Mansa Musa and his famous or inFAMOUS Hajj to Mecca in 1324. the capital of Mali is a major trade intellectual Center known as Timbuktu there are other spots of interest in Africa that may come up on the AP World exam or your teacher's unit exam places like Great Zimbabwe in southern Africa or axum AKA Ethiopia and East Africa most notably because it's a Christian Kingdom in East Africa but as you get closer to the Indian Ocean over there in the East the more important the Indian Ocean trade route becomes with the arrival of Islam and the growth of Swahili Swahili is literally a mix of Bantu and Arabic cultures in East Africa finally it's Europe time your teacher may have gone am here I used to but you don't really need to all you need to know here is two things first it's decentralized when you think of most countries today they are centralized centralized countries have a ruler they have a central government that rules over and legislates all the laws for the country in the global tapestry Europe ain't like that picture in your mind a map of Europe now take a hammer to that map and shatter it into a million pieces that's how Europe was divided now when we get into units three and four in the next period 1450 to 70 50 you'll start to see large kingdoms and Empires forming not today it's decentralized it's a bunch of duchies and dukedoms and principalities and townships count ships Lordships it's a mess and since there's no Roman Empire around to provide stability in order that falls upon the smaller areas to fill the role of government your local government whether dukedom or lordship or whatever was the only government you had so think of a million tiny little kingdoms linked through blood or marriages it's not centralized it's decentralized and in this decentralized world everything is organized around the feudal system that's the second thing you need to know about Europe and the global tapestry basically it's a system where you're given land in return for service or labor this could apply to knights fighting for princes or even more on a local level this is often included with minorialism think of a manner as a piece of land given to a Lord that Lord has a manor house there in fields and forests on the men are lived peasants or even surfs were contractually bound to the land coerced labor style to farm some for themselves and some for the Lord feudalism is tough because it's a very broad term a lot of people have a lot of different definitions for it but it's most often associated with the military obligations while minorialism is more specific to an estate owned by a lord where the serfs and peasants work the land the the global tapestry is literally just a quick check-in of the major regions of the world from 1200 to 1450. did you finish the study guide no you have some spots that you need to work on no worries the same place you found the study guide you will find the key to the study look at my key to help you out all right let's review the review know the periods for the first two units that's 1200 to 14.50 know the regions in this unit that's East Asia southeast Asia South Asia Dural Islam the Americas Africa and Europe know the different states in the six regions and how they ruled and maintained power know how the belief systems like Islam and Buddhism where they are and how they impacted those regions that's unit one how are you feeling this is probably your first AP if this wasn't so bad keep up this momentum we're still in the Shire we're on Tatooine we're platform nine and three quarters at King's cross station your journey has just begun stick with me and you should be all right I've been at this for 20 years and there are a ton of videos over on my channel be sure to follow like And subscribe because I'm constantly posting a little weird history stuff all throughout the year all AP World History based plus here in the ultimate review packet I have a practice shoot on the AP World History skill of comparison for unit one so check that out all kinds of stuff in there to help you out as well good luck on that unit one exam and on the AP World History monitoring exam this may foreign [Music]