hey push students let's cover everything you need for period 8 before we start print out the free speed review sheet to help you follow along with this video it's free and you can find the link in the description below right now look at period 8 Circle any people event vocabs think that you might not quite remember that you know you need to focus on as we were youw once you're confident that you've mastered a topic you can check it off and move on to the next all right here we go following World War II America experienced significant economic growth the GI Bill gave veterans the opportunity to receive a college education and buy a home this contributed to the baby boo and the rise of the sunb Bel region and Eisenhower's Interstate Highway Act connected the country improved trade and travel and made road trips a popular Pas neighborhoods like lown represented the American dream for many families by offering affordable mass-produced homes in the suburbs also the television brought families together around the small screen shaping popular culture by influencing fashion music and even politics this all contributed to a growing culture of Conformity for American families however teams rebelled against this by listening to rock and roll music while the beach wrote novels like the affluent society to criticize these social norms following World War II tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union led to a cold war America joined both the United Nations and NATO officially abandoning its policy of isolationism in an effort to combat communism America adopted a policy of containment which was recommended by George Kennan in his Long Telegram early examples of containment include the Truman Doctrine which successfully repelled communism in grease in turkey and the Marshal plan which provided financial aid to help rebuild War torn Western Europe containment was also seen in proxy wars like the Korean War where the United States and the Soviet Union indirectly engaged in Warfare even though it ended an an arous and Korea remain divided it was seen as an early success of containment during his two terms President Eisenhower built upon Truman's Cold War policies his Eisenhower Doctrine pledged military aid to Middle Eastern countries that were threatened by communism he was also more willing to threaten the use of military force including nuclear weapons to achieve foreign policy objectives this was known as break menhip but upon leaving office he warned of the dangers of the growing military industrial complex that occurred during his presiden at the end of the Korean War Cuba fell to Communism making it a hot spot for the Cold War due to its close proximity to America the Kennedy administration oversaw the failed B pigs incident I brought the US and the Soviet Union to the break of nuclear war during the Cuban Missile Crisis the Cold War played a large role in American culture during this time period too fears overc communism led to the second Red Scare Americans built nuclear fallout shelters and children practiced duck cover drills and senator Joseph McCarthy led a series of witch hunts against accuse Communists in the government and the Army America also heavily invested in defense Industries and space research to keep up with the Soviets in the arms and space races there was also a renewed push for civil rights in the 1950s as African-Americans fought for equality and an end to racial segregation the land Mark Supreme Court case browny the Board of Education declared segregation in schools unconstitutional a huge victory for the movement integration however was met with Fierce resistance for example the Little Rock N9 faced hostility the National Guard was sent in when they tried to integrate Little Rock Central High School peaceful resistance and Civil Disobedience were the main methods for Fighting For Change Rosa Parks led the way when she refused to give a proceed on the bus sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott also Martin Luther King Jr was a key figure in the Civil Rights Movement advocating for non-violent protest in his letter from a Birmingham Jail and by delivering his iconic I Have a Dream speech I have a dream that one day yes this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its Creed the Greensboro sens were another form of peaceful protest where African-American students sat at a White's only Lunch Counter demanding equal treatment but not everybody agreed with the strategies of the movement Malcolm X and groups like the Black Panthers advocated for black empowerment and self-defense the movement achieved several legislative victories the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a huge milestone that outlawed discrimination Bas of race color religion sex and national origin and following the horrors that were shown on television like Bloody Sunday the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed and the 24th amendment outlawed po taxes as the fight for civil rights carried on at home a fight for democracy was happening in Vietnam President Eisenhower warned of a domino theory in Asia are doing that if Vietnam were to fall to Communism others might as well tensions of Vietnam continued to escalate under President Kennedy he tried to limit American involvement but America officially got involved in the war following an alleged attack on the US Navy by the North Vietnamese in response Congress passed the Gul toning resolution which gave Johnson the green light to use military force in Vietnam within a few years America had over 500,000 troops in Vietnam a draft lottery was also instituted fueling protest of resistance from the counterculture movement especially on college campuses the Vietnam War was America's first televised War showing live coverage of events like the 1968 Ted offensive the surprise attack on the American and South Vietnamese forces was a turning point in public opinion because it shook confidence in the war effort news of the brutal melee Massacre also fueled anti-war sentiments and the release of the Pentagon papers in 1971 confirmed Americans concerns proving they had been lied to about the state of the war especially by the Johnson Administration Nixon was elected in 1968 in part because he supported a policy Club Vietnamization when he became president he gradually began withdraw American troops in 1973 Nixon declared the US had achieved Peace With Honor with the signing of the Paris Accords which ended the war in Vietnam it's also important to know President Johnson's domestic agenda because it's been all over the exam LBJ expressed in his inaugural address that he was going to wage a war on poverty and he was able to get significant legislation passed to help some of America's most vulnerable groups this included Healthcare reforms such as Medicare and Medicaid he also signed the elementary and secondary Education Act and created the Department of Housing and Urban Development his vast reforms became known as the Great Society this was the most expansive social welfare legislation passed since FDR's New Deal some especially conservatives opposed these new policies arguing that they increase government spending and bordered on socialism Nixon's foreign policy was based on Dayton he and his secretary of state Henry kisser H to deescalate Cold War tension he did this through the Strategic arms limitations treaty which was the first time in the Cold War where both sides agreed to limit their nuclear arsenals and by visiting China he reopened lines of communication and trade the Arab Israeli War also took place during Nixon's presidency as a result of supporting Israel OPEC nations placed an embargo on the United States the Embargo caused oil prices to Skyrocket long lines at gas stations and an economic recession but Nixon's second term was overshadowed by the Watergate scandal the Scandal involved the illegal Breakin of the Democratic National Committee headquarters by members of Nixon's Administration after being caught trying to cover up the Scandal Nixon chose to resigned before being impeached he remains the only President to resign from office I shall resign the presidency effective that at noon tomorrow Nixon's Vice President Gerald Ford took office following his resignation one of his first actions as president was to pardon Nixon which angered some Americans who wanted the president brought to Justice also during his ter Vietnam saw the fall of Saigon which was a huge victory for communism and Ford battled poor economic conditions including continued inflation despite his whip inflation now campaign the economy did not recover Ford lost his bid for re-election in 1976 to Jimmy Carter Carter also only served one term as president his term was plagued by Rising inflation high unemployment and continued oil shortages however was praised for his role in the Camp David Accords a political agreement between Egypt and Israel but he was criticized for his handling of the Iranian hostage crisis after 52 Americans were taken hostage in the US Embassy in tran President Carter failed to negotiate a release of the captives this combined with his Malay speech contributed to the victory of Ronald Reagan in the election of 1980 during the 1960s and 1970s a modern environmentalist movement also emerged the movement was inspired by Rachel Carson's Silent Spring which shed light on the harmful effects of pesticides on the environment and Wildlife this led to increased awareness about the need to protect the environment and pav the way for important environmental regulations like the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act in 1970 the Environmental Protection Agency was also created a huge victory for the movement and Earth was created in 1970 as well to raise awareness for environmental issues and promote sustainability students were utilized to support this cause just like they were in the movement against the Vietnam War the successes of the African-American civil rights movement inspired other groups to challenge societal norms and demand equality the Feminine Mystique by Betty freden sparked a wave of feminism groups like The National Organization of Women advocated for gender equality and push for the Equal Rights Amendment but the ra never passed in part because of a backlash from conservatives lgbtq plus rights also gain momentum with activists demanding an end to discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity the 1969 Stone War riots were seen as a pivotal moment in the fight for rights for the lgbtq plus Community there was also a movement for Latino rights Cesar Chavez the founder of the national Farm Workers Association advocated for Farm Workers rights and fair treatment for Latinos in the United States this coincided with the chano movement which advocated for political and social rights for Mexican am and the American Indian movement fought for the rights of indigenous people pushing for the recognition of their sovereignty and advocating for cultural preservation they were most well known for their year-long occupation of alcatra Island so what does this look like on exam day for causation you can see questions about the effects of the Cold War for comparison you want to be able to compare the tactics of various civil rights leaders from Martin Luther King Jr to Malcolm X or you could be asked to compare the similarities and differences between the Cold War policies of each of the presidents and for change in continuity you most likely ask how American foreign policy changed after World War II remember after World War II America finally abandoned its long-held tradition of isol ation ISM check out the aush ultimate review packet for more help we've got timeline study guides and Essay practice follow the link in the description below for a free preview and if you think this video is helpful like And subscribe thanks for [Music] watching