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Angles and Their Properties

Sep 14, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains naming angles, adjacent angles, complementary and supplementary angles, and solving for unknown angles using their properties.

Naming Angles

  • An angle can be named using three points, with the vertex in the middle (e.g., ∠ABC, vertex at B).
  • If only one angle is at a point, it can be called by its vertex (∠B).
  • When two angles share a vertex, numbers may be used for clarity (e.g., ∠B₁, ∠B₂).

Adjacent Angles

  • Adjacent angles share a common vertex and one side (arm).
  • Examples show angles next to each other (adjacent), sharing a side and vertex.

Perpendicular Lines and Right Angles

  • Lines intersecting at 90° are called perpendicular.
  • The symbol for a right angle indicates 90°.

Complementary Angles

  • Angles that add up to 90° are complementary.
  • To find the complement of an angle, subtract it from 90°.
  • Examples:
    • Complement of 42° = 48° (90° - 42°).
    • Complement of 28° = 62° (90° - 28°).
    • Complement of x = 90° - x.
    • Complement of (90° - a) = a.

Solving Complementary Angle Equations

  • If two angles sum to 90°, set up equation: angle 1 + angle 2 = 90°.
  • Solve for unknowns using basic algebra.

Supplementary Angles

  • Angles that add up to 180° are supplementary.
  • To find the supplement of an angle, subtract it from 180°.
  • Examples:
    • Supplement of 42° = 138° (180° - 42°).
    • Supplement of 128° = 52° (180° - 128°).
    • Supplement of x = 180° - x.
    • Supplement of (90° - a) = 90° + a.

Solving Supplementary Angle Equations

  • If two angles sum to 180°, use: angle 1 + angle 2 = 180°.
  • Use algebra to solve for unknowns.

Angles on a Straight Line

  • The sum of angles on a straight line is always 180°.

Angles in a Triangle

  • The sum of the angles in a triangle is always 180°.
  • In an isosceles triangle, two angles are equal.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Vertex — the common point where two sides of an angle meet.
  • Adjacent angles — angles sharing a vertex and one side.
  • Perpendicular lines — lines that intersect at a 90° angle.
  • Complementary angles — two angles whose measures add up to 90°.
  • Supplementary angles — two angles whose measures add up to 180°.
  • Isosceles triangle — a triangle with two equal sides and two equal angles.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice finding complements/supplements of given angles.
  • Review homework questions involving solving for unknown angles with complementary or supplementary properties.