Math Antics: Basics of Division

Introduction

• Understanding basic division is essential for learning long division
• Example problem: 9 divided by 3
  • 9 divided by 3 means dividing 9 into 3 equal groups
  • Since 3 × 3 = 9, then 9 divided by 3 = 3

Division with Remainders

• Example: 9 divided by 4
  • 9 and 4 aren't part of a fact family, so no easy multiplication table reference
  • 9 can't be divided equally into 4 groups without a remainder
  • Result: 9 divided by 4 = 2 remainder 1

Using the Division Symbol

• New division symbol for complex problems
• Three main parts:
  1. Dividend: Number being divided (placed under the horizontal line)
  2. Divisor: Number dividing (placed outside the curved part)
  3. Quotient: Result of the division (placed above the horizontal line)

Division Procedure

1. Set up the problem: Example - 9 divided by 4
   • Dividend (9) goes under the line
   • Divisor (4) goes outside the curved part
2. Key Question: “How many ‘4’s will it take to make 9 or almost 9?”
   • Too Small Example: Answer = 1 → 1 × 4 = 4 (remainder 5, too big)
   • Too Big Example: Answer = 3 → 3 × 4 = 12 (exceeds 9, invalid)
   • Just Right Example: Answer = 2 → 2 × 4 = 8 (remainder 1, correct)

Practice Problems

• 23 divided by 5
  • Set up: 23 (dividend), 5 (divisor)
  • Answer selection: 4 → 4 × 5 = 20
  • Subtract: 23 - 20 = 3
  • Result: 23 divided by 5 = 4 remainder 3
• 57 divided by 6
  • Use multiplication table for assistance
  • Find closest multiple without exceeding: 9 × 6 = 54
  • Subtract: 57 - 54 = 3
  • Result: 57 divided by 6 = 9 remainder 3

Conclusion

• Master basic division problems with remainders
• Next video: Long division

Learn more at Math Antics