Key Points on Irrigation

Jul 17, 2024

Irrigation: Key Points

Importance

  • The golden percentage of irrigation in SSC JE exams has increased to 5-11 marks.
  • Last year, 8-11 marks worth of questions were related to irrigation.
  • Irrigation is important because it helps in scoring good marks.

Main Topics

  1. Methods of Irrigation

    • Methods of Irrigation (three important H):
    • Surface Irrigation
    • Sub-Surface Irrigation
  2. Water Requirements of Crops

    • Depth, resource, and evaluation techniques
    • How the crop gets protection

Advantages and Disadvantages of Irrigation

  1. Advantages

    • Higher crop yield
    • Helps in proper supply and planting
    • Groundwater recharge
    • Cleaning of reservoirs
  2. Disadvantages

    • Over-irrigation can lead to mosquitoes and diseases
    • Waterlogging
    • Public health issues

Types of Irrigation:

  1. Surface Irrigation

    • Ordinary Flood
    • Check Flood
    • Border
    • Basin
    • Furrow
  2. Sprinkler Irrigation

  3. Trickle/Drip Irrigation

Impact on India's Geography and Agriculture

  • The total area is 328 million hectares, out of which 184 million hectares is cultivable area.

Various Crops and Their Water Demand

  • Suitable timing for summer and winter crops
  • Examples of crops, such as rice, sorghum, millet (kharif), wheat, potato (rabi)

Important Parameters

  • Delta: depth of water required during the base period
  • Duty: area irrigated per unit water provision
  • Formulae and evaluation techniques

Conveyance Losses

  • Transit loss
  • Seepage loss and its effects

Types of Canals and Various Structures

  • Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Canals

Groundwater and Draining Systems

KINET Theory and Lacey Theory

Questions and Uses of External Irrigation Initiatives

Exam Related Information and Technical Aspects

Conclusion

Study each irrigation topic in depth in all theoretical and practical references. Also, pay attention to modern irrigation trends and challenges.

Other Suggestions

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