Irrigation: Key Points
Importance
- The golden percentage of irrigation in SSC JE exams has increased to 5-11 marks.
- Last year, 8-11 marks worth of questions were related to irrigation.
- Irrigation is important because it helps in scoring good marks.
Main Topics
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Methods of Irrigation
- Methods of Irrigation (three important H):
- Surface Irrigation
- Sub-Surface Irrigation
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Water Requirements of Crops
- Depth, resource, and evaluation techniques
- How the crop gets protection
Advantages and Disadvantages of Irrigation
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Advantages
- Higher crop yield
- Helps in proper supply and planting
- Groundwater recharge
- Cleaning of reservoirs
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Disadvantages
- Over-irrigation can lead to mosquitoes and diseases
- Waterlogging
- Public health issues
Types of Irrigation:
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Surface Irrigation
- Ordinary Flood
- Check Flood
- Border
- Basin
- Furrow
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Sprinkler Irrigation
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Trickle/Drip Irrigation
Impact on India's Geography and Agriculture
- The total area is 328 million hectares, out of which 184 million hectares is cultivable area.
Various Crops and Their Water Demand
- Suitable timing for summer and winter crops
- Examples of crops, such as rice, sorghum, millet (kharif), wheat, potato (rabi)
Important Parameters
- Delta: depth of water required during the base period
- Duty: area irrigated per unit water provision
- Formulae and evaluation techniques
Conveyance Losses
- Transit loss
- Seepage loss and its effects
Types of Canals and Various Structures
- Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Canals
Groundwater and Draining Systems
KINET Theory and Lacey Theory
Questions and Uses of External Irrigation Initiatives
Exam Related Information and Technical Aspects
Conclusion
Study each irrigation topic in depth in all theoretical and practical references. Also, pay attention to modern irrigation trends and challenges.
Other Suggestions
- PDFs will be shared for study
- Keep your efforts focused