[Applause] [Music] fonts bertilan was a parisian policeman he wanted to improve descriptions of suspected criminals and hoped a good identification system would quickly identify repeat offenders he believed that people who were liable to reoffend could be identified through physical characteristics and that people with certain characteristics were more likely to be criminals he is also the inventor of the mugshot photographing of criminals began in the 1840s only a few years after the invention of photography but it was not until 1888 that bertallon standardized the process he was considered to be the first forensic expert bertilan was a friend of the surgeon and anthropologist paul broker and borrowed brokers ideas about measuring physical differences in 1881 bertiland developed techniques and instruments to measure individual features that would not change for example i color the shape and angles of the ear brow and nose and the distances between them he also developed ways to reliably record other physical data about the body including identifying marks such as tattoos he collected vast quantities of data and used the new technology of photography by 1883 bertiland had made 7 336 measurements and identified 49 repeat offenders by 1884 he had found 241. bertiland described his system as anthropometry literally measuring humans the system became known as bertilanage and it eventually incorporated body measurements a verbal description a photograph and fingerprints the system relied on progressively sorting records of people with matching characteristics until an individual was identified in the early 1890s paris was subject to a wave of bombings and assassination attempts carried out by anarchist proponents of propaganda of the deed one of bertolan's greatest successes came in march 1892 when his system of criminal identification led to the arrest of an anarchist bomber and career criminal who went by the name ravikal the publicity surrounding the case earned bertilan the legion of honor and encouraged police departments around the world to adopt his anthropometric system bertalanage was initially popular however from the 1890s it was superseded by fingerprinting techniques from india francis galton championed their use in forensic science fingerprinting proved far simpler for identifying individuals because each person has a unique fingerprint besides bertiland's csi photography and other forensic inventions the world around him was changing too the press was in its infancy and became very useful in making public appeals for killers his scientific methods and the success of his csi photography became the envy of the world he even got a positive mention by one of sherlock holmes clients in the book the hound of the baskervilles bertiland died in 1914 in paris but the legacy of his csi photography methods lives on today as well as memories of his other forensic measurement processes you