APUSH Exam Review (Units 1-5)

Introduction

• Two nights before the exam, covering units 1-5.
• The session is expected to last about 1 hour 45 minutes.
• The presenter, Old Himler's History, crossed 1 million subscribers.
• Notes will be posted after the session.

Administrative Notes

• Shout outs via super chats until 9:00 p.m. Eastern.
• Live stream format: studying first, shout outs mostly at the end.

Exam Date

• Scheduled for May 9th.

Unit 1: 1491-1607

• Big Idea 1: Diverse Native American societies shaped by their environments.
  • Examples: Chumash (coastal), Ute (nomadic Great Basin), Cahokia (Mississippi Valley).
• Big Idea 2: European motivations for exploration: political unification, trade routes, and spread of Christianity.
• Big Idea 3: Columbian Exchange's impact on Europe and Americas with transfers of crops, animals, and diseases.
• Big Idea 4: Spanish colonization changes: Encomienda system, rise of African slavery, casta system.
• Big Idea 5: Evolving European and Native American interactions.
  • Debate: Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda vs. Bartolomé de las Casas.

Unit 2: 1607-1754

• Big Idea 1: Varied goals of Spanish, Dutch, French, and British colonization.
• Big Idea 2: Differences among British colonies in terms of goals and societies.
  • Chesapeake (wealth, tobacco), New England (religious families), Middle Colonies (trade).
• Big Idea 3: Wealth from transatlantic trade was crucial for colonization.
• Big Idea 4: Conflicts and alliances with Native Americans.
  • Examples: Metacom's War, Pueblo Revolt.
• Big Idea 5: Reliance on enslaved labor; resistance included Stono Rebellion.
• Big Idea 6: Societal similarities and differences between colonies and England.
• Big Idea 7: Colonial mistrust from British policies (e.g., impressment).

Unit 3: 1754-1800

• Big Idea 1: French and Indian War's impact on land and taxation.
• Big Idea 2: British policies (taxation without representation) led to Revolutionary War.
• Big Idea 3: Enlightenment ideas influenced independence movement.
• Big Idea 4: Patriot victory despite Britain's advantages; key figures like George Washington.
• Big Idea 5: Articles of Confederation failed due to weak federal power.
• Big Idea 6: Constitutional Convention restructured government with new Constitution.
• Big Idea 7: Federalism and separation of powers defined new government.
• Big Idea 8: Impact on gender roles and slavery debates; inspired other revolutions.
• Big Idea 9: Precedents set by Washington and Adams.
• Big Idea 10: National and regional identity formation.

Unit 4: 1800-1848

• Big Idea 1: Political debates, Supreme Court's role, territorial expansion.
  • Louisiana Purchase and Marbury v. Madison.
• Big Idea 2: Regional interests conflicting with federal power (e.g., War of 1812).
• Big Idea 3: Establishing U.S. independence on the global stage.
• Big Idea 4: Market Revolution and technological advances.
• Big Idea 5: Expanding democracy and influence of political parties.
• Big Idea 6: Andrew Jackson's use of federal power.
• Big Idea 7: Efforts to define American identity through culture.
  • Transcendentalism, Hudson River School, Second Great Awakening.
• Big Idea 8: Reform movements stemming from societal changes.
  • Temperance, abolitionism, women's movement.
• Big Idea 9: Southern culture's reliance on slavery.

Unit 5: 1844-1877

• Big Idea 1: Manifest Destiny and territorial expansion.
• Big Idea 2: Mexican-American War's causes and outcomes.
• Big Idea 3: Compromise of 1850 addressing slavery in new territories.
• Big Idea 4: Immigrant enclaves and nativism.
• Big Idea 5: Increasing tension over slavery and labor ideologies.
• Big Idea 6: Attempts and failures to compromise on slavery.
• Big Idea 7: Lincoln's election and Southern secession.
• Big Idea 8: Civil War mobilization and Union victory.
• Big Idea 9: Reconstruction's impact on society and amendments.
• Big Idea 10: Failures of Reconstruction and Southern resistance.

Conclusion

• Final shout outs and thanks for attending.
• Reminder for another session tomorrow evening.