Computer Basics Lecture Notes

Introduction

• Course developed by GCFLearnFree.org.
• Suitable for people new to computers and those filling gaps in their knowledge.
• Various topics covered; time codes available for specific sections.
• Computers are integral to modern life (laptops, smartphones, smartwatches, etc.).

What is a Computer?

• Definition: An electronic device that manipulates data.
• Data representation: Ones and zeros, combined to form complex outputs (movies, games, etc.).
• Components:
  • Hardware: Physical parts of the computer (internal and external).
  • Software: Instructions that tell the hardware what to do.
• Types of Personal Computers: (PCs)
  • Desktops and Laptops: Similar capabilities, laptops are portable.
  • Operating Systems:
    • Windows
    • macOS (for Macintosh computers)
    • Chrome OS (for Chromebooks)
    • iOS and Android (for mobile devices)
  • Other types: TVs, game consoles, appliances (e.g., refrigerators).
• Servers: Send information to other computers on a network (e.g., web servers).

Buttons and Ports

• Power button: Location varies by device type.
• Power socket/charging port: For energy supply.
• USB ports: Connect devices like keyboards, printers, USB drives.
• Monitor port: Connect a monitor (HDMI, USB-C, etc.).
• Ethernet port: For wired internet connection.
• Audio jack: Connect speakers or headphones.
• Disk drive: For CDs, DVDs, or Blu-ray discs (may not be available on all computers).
• Older peripheral ports: For older devices like mice and keyboards.

Computer Components

• External Parts:
  • Monitor: Displays images and text.
  • Keyboard and Mouse: For input and interaction.
• Internal Parts:
  • Motherboard: Contains CPU and RAM.
    • CPU: Central Processing Unit,