Python Tutorial by Mosh Hamadani

Introduction

• Python is a multi-purpose programming language.
• Used for machine learning, AI, web development, and automation.
• Popular frameworks: Django (web development).
• Examples of websites using Python: YouTube, Instagram, Spotify, Dropbox, Pinterest.

Getting Started

• Visit python.org to download the latest version.
• Installation: Remember to add Python to PATH (important for Windows users).
• Install a code editor like PyCharm (community edition recommended).
  • For Windows: Follow the installation wizard.
  • For Mac: Drag PyCharm to the Applications folder.

Writing and Running Python Code

• Create a new project in PyCharm.
• Use the print function to display text: print("Hello, world!").
• Strings: Sequence of characters, can use single or double quotes.
• Terminal window displays code output.

Variables

• Store data temporarily, e.g., age = 20.
• Variable types: integer, float, string, boolean.
• Boolean values: True or False (case-sensitive).
• Python is case sensitive.

User Input

• Use input() to receive input, e.g., name = input("What is your name?").
• Convert input types with int(), float(), bool(), str().

String Methods

• Strings are objects with methods like .upper(), .lower(), .find(), .replace().
• Strings are immutable.
• Use in operator to check for substrings.

Arithmetic Operations

• Basic operations: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/).
• Integer division (//), modulus (%), exponentiation (**).
• Augmented assignment: x += 3 equivalent to x = x + 3.
• Operator precedence and use of parentheses to control evaluation order.

Comparison Operators

• Operators: >, >=, <, <=, ==, !=.
• Produce boolean values.

Logical Operators

• and, or, not for building complex conditions.

If Statements

• Used for decision-making.
• Indentation represents blocks of code (Python doesn't use braces).
• if, elif, else used to evaluate conditions.

Loops

While Loops

• Repeat a block of code while a condition is true.
• Example: printing numbers 1 to 5.

For Loops

• Iterate over sequences (like lists).
• Example: printing items in a list.

Lists

• Use square brackets [] to create lists.
• Access and modify elements via indices.
• Methods: .append(), .insert(), .remove(), .clear().
• Use in to check for existence, len() for length.

Tuples

• Immutable sequence of objects.
• Defined with parentheses ().
• Limited methods compared to lists.

Range Function

• Generates a sequence of numbers.
• Used often with for loops.
• Syntax: range(start, stop, step).

Exercises

• Create simple projects like weight converter, basic calculator.

Conclusion

• Mosh Hamadani offers more advanced courses on his website.
• Python is a versatile language for various applications.