Complete Ethical Hacking Course: From Basics to Advanced

Jun 21, 2024

Ethical Hacking: Beginners to Advanced Course

Introduction

  • Host: आशीष कुमार
  • Focus: Complete Ethical Hacking Course, from Basics to Advanced
  • Modules: Covered both basic and advanced concepts
  • Aim: Strengthen basics and advanced knowledge in ethical hacking

What is Ethical Hacking?

  • Hacking: Compromising systems, stealing data
  • Ethical: Legal activities, following defined rules and regulations
  • Law on Hacking: Testing any system or device legally requires written permission from the owner. Goal: Secure the system.

Market Demand

  • Growing Demand: Increasing due to rapid growth in cybercrime
  • Impact of Cyber Crimes: Loss and privacy issues for individuals, families, government, and corporate sectors
  • Responsibility: Ethical hackers must have strong skills to catch black hat hackers and reduce cybercrime

Networking Concepts

Importance in Ethical Hacking

  • Role: Essential for ethical hacking, enabling operations
  • Communication: Data transfer between systems

Computer Networking

  • Definition: Systems communicating and sharing data (files, software, information, hardware)
  • Concepts: Communication rules, data preservation, security management, hardware sharing
  • Security: Efforts are made to keep communication secure, though not 100% secure

Types of Networks

  1. LAN (Local Area Network)
    • Range: 5-10 interconnected systems
    • Example: School computer lab, personal device hotspot
  2. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
    • Range: Thousands of systems in a larger area
    • Example: University network, local Internet Service Provider (ISP) like City Cable
  3. WAN (Wide Area Network)
    • Range: Covers entire countries or the world
    • Example: The Internet

Important Networking Entities

  1. ISP (Internet Service Provider) Example: Jio, Airtel
  2. IP Address: Essential for network communication (IPv4/IPv6)
  3. MAC Address: Unique identifier for hardware
  4. Ports: Network communication paths (1 to 65535)
  5. Protocols: Define rules for data transmission (e.g., TCP, UDP)

IPAddress

  • Definition: Logical address for network communication
  • Categories: IPv4 and IPv6
  • Types: Public, Private, Static, Dynamic

Protocols in Networking

  • Definition: Set of rules for data transmission
  • Key Protocols: HTTP, TCP, UDP, IP, etc.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

  • Core Communication Protocol: Reliable data transfer using three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK)
  • Overview: Connection initiation, data transmission reliability, session termination

TCP VS UDP

  • TCP: Reliable, connection-oriented, uses three-way handshake
  • UDP: Fast, connectionless, less reliable

Routers and Networking

Function

  • Routers: Direct data packets between networks
  • Public vs. Private IP Addresses: Enables communication based on range
  • Information Preservation: Routers ensure IP switching and accurate socket communication

Domain Name System (DNS)

  • Purpose: Translate domain names to IP addresses
  • Components: DNS Records (A, MX, CNAME, etc.), Zone Files

Email Role

  • MX Records: Routing emails to correct mail servers

OSI vs. TCP/IP Model

OSI Model

  • Layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application
  • Management: Modular, specified roles

TCP/IP Model

  • Layers: Application, Transport, Internet, Network Access
  • Simplified: Real-world applicability, widespread use

Operating Systems for Hacking

Linux

  • Advantages: Open-source, customizable, secure, portable
  • Common Tools & Directories: Bin, Sbin, etc., temp, user bin, user share

Basic Commands

  • File Navigation: cd, ls, pwd, mkdir, rm, mv, and cp
  • Text Editing: nano, gedit
  • Permissions Management: cdmod

Complete Setup of Hacking Environment

Configuration

  • VM Settings: Memory allocation, network adapter settings
  • Network Operations: Testing connectivity, updating apt sources

Software Installation

  • APT, Manual, Third-party Sources: Installation methods using apt, dpkg, and git
  • Handling Common Errors: Using fixes like apt --fix-broken install

Anonymity and Security (VPN, Proxy, TOR)

  • VPN vs Proxy: Comparison, security trade-offs
  • TOR Browser: How it works, multi-layered encryption for anonymity

Least Privilege Principle

  • Enforcing Security: Managing user permissions via sudo and root settings
  • Extended Commands: Cleaning configurations, testing VPN, setting up proxies, and ensuring no DNS leaks

Final Remarks

  • Continuous Learning: Regular practice, staying updated with new tools and practices
  • Ethical Responsibility: Using skills for legal and constructive purposes