C Programming Complete Guide

Introduction to C Programming

• C programming is a widely-used programming language.
• This video aims to teach C programming from basics to advanced concepts.
• Programming is a way to interact with computers by giving them instructions.

Setting Up C Programming Environment

1. Installation of IDE: We will be using Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for C programming.
   • VS Code can be downloaded from its official website.
   • Turbo C/C++ is not recommended due to being discontinued.
2. Installing Compiler: Use GNU's GCC compiler for executing C programs.
   • Search for "GCC compiler for Windows" and install MinGW for setup.
   • Code::Blocks can also be used as it comes with MinGW.
3. VS Code Extensions: Install extensions like Code Runner and C++ IntelliSense to enhance programming experience.

Writing Your First C Program

• Create a folder named learn c in one video.
• Write your first program named basic.c.
• Use the following syntax:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
   printf("Hello World\n");
   return 0;
}

Code Explanation

• #include <stdio.h>: Includes standard input-output library.
• int main(): The main function where the execution begins.
• printf: Function to print output.
• return 0: Indicates successful program termination.

Basics of C Programming

Data Types in C

• int: Integer type.
• float: Floating-point number.
• char: Character type.

Variables

• Variables are containers for storing data values.
• Rules:
  • Variable names should start with a letter or underscore.
  • Case-sensitive.

Operators

• Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, %
• Relational Operators: ==, !=, >, <
• Logical Operators: &&, ||, !
• Bitwise Operators: &, |, ^, ~
• Assignment Operators: =, +=, -=, etc.

Input/Output in C

• Use scanf to take input from the user.
• Use printf to display output.

Control Flow/Decision Making

• If Statement: Execute code based on conditions.
• Else If: For multiple conditions.
• Switch Statement: For multi-way branching.

Loops

• For Loop: Repeats a block of code a specific number of times.
• While Loop: Repeats as long as a condition is true.
• Do While Loop: Guarantees at least one execution.

Functions

• Functions are reusable blocks of code.
• Define functions with:

return_type function_name(parameters) {
   // function body
}

Pointers

• Pointers store the address of variables.
• Declare pointers using * (e.g., int *ptr).
• Use pointers to manipulate the value at a given address.

Structures

• Structures allow combining different data types.
• Use keyword struct to define a new structure.

struct Book {
   char name[50];
   char author[50];
   int price;
};

Conclusion

• C programming has extensive features and capabilities.
• An encouragement to explore topics like linked lists, dynamic memory allocation, string manipulation.

Additional Resources

• Consider making a complete C programming course and practice problems.

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Note: This summary includes key concepts related to C programming based on the lecture presented. Recommended to watch the video for detailed explanations and examples.