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Name the five needs in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.
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The five needs in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs are physiological, security, social, esteem, and self-actualization.
In Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, where were his observations derived from?
Herzberg's observations were derived from studies on accountants and engineers.
How does job rotation function as a non-financial reward?
Job rotation involves employees switching roles within a team to help them gain diverse skills and avoid job monotony.
What is the key premise of Equity and Expectancy Theory?
Employees compare efforts and rewards, and their motivation is influenced by their belief in achieving fair rewards.
What is the central concept of Taylor's Scientific Management theory?
The central concept of Taylor's Scientific Management theory is that people are primarily motivated by money, emphasizing division of labor and specialization.
Explain the difference between induction training and off-the-job training.
Induction training is for new employees to familiarize them with the organization, while off-the-job training occurs outside the workplace and may be external.
What are some criticisms of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
One criticism is that the needs hierarchy does not apply universally to all individuals or cultures.
What universal needs are central to Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory?
The universal needs are competence, relatedness, and autonomy.
What are the advantages of internal recruitment?
Advantages of internal recruitment include motivating existing employees and reducing the time and cost of onboarding.
What are the three needs identified by McClelland's Theory of Acquired Needs?
The three needs are achievement, affiliation, and power.
Define job enrichment as a non-financial reward.
Job enrichment involves enhancing a job by adding tasks, responsibilities, or decision-making authority to increase intrinsic motivation.
What types of financial rewards can motivate employees?
Types include salary, wages, commission, performance-related pay, profit-related pay, share ownership schemes, and fringe benefits.
According to Herzberg, what are hygiene factors and motivators?
Hygiene factors are basic needs that prevent dissatisfaction, while motivators drive intrinsic motivation.
What is labor turnover rate?
The labor turnover rate is the rate at which employees leave and are replaced within an organization.
Describe the purpose of 360-degree feedback in appraisals.
360-degree feedback is used to provide comprehensive performance reviews by collecting feedback from colleagues at all levels of the organization.
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