📜

John Donne's The Canonization

Jun 6, 2025

Overview

The lecture covers John Donne's poem "The Canonization," including an introduction, line-by-line explanation, and discussion of its metaphysical qualities.

Introduction to "The Canonization"

  • "Canonization" refers to the process of declaring someone a saint in the Catholic Church.
  • Written during the Elizabethan age, when Catholics were persecuted in England.
  • John Donne’s brother died in prison for sheltering a Catholic priest.
  • The poem was published in 1633 in Donne’s collection "Songs and Sonnets."
  • The poem consists of five stanzas, each with nine lines, and follows the rhyme scheme ABBA CCCAA.

Line-by-Line Explanation

  • The poet asks to be left alone to love, dismissing criticism of his relationship.
  • He tells the addressee to focus on his own life, like pursuing a career or observing people of status.
  • The poet asserts that his love harms no one and questions who could be hurt by it.
  • He lists disasters (floods, plagues, wars) to show love does not cause such harm.
  • Donne uses metaphors like moths, candles, eagle, dove, and phoenix to describe the lovers’ unity and resilience.
  • The lovers' story may not be recorded in history, but their love will live on in poetry and inspire others.
  • People will view the lovers as saints of love and invoke them for romantic blessing.
  • Their love becomes a model, epitomizing true love for others.

"The Canonization" as a Metaphysical Poem

  • The poem is an example of metaphysical poetry due to its use of complex conceits and metaphors.
  • It features sudden openings, dramatic situations, and passionate monologue.
  • Conceits like the phoenix, moths, and candle enrich the poem’s meaning.
  • References allude to medieval philosophy and spiritual transformation through love.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Canonization — process of declaring someone a saint in the Catholic Church.
  • Conceit — an elaborate, extended metaphor common in metaphysical poetry.
  • Hermitage — a place where a hermit lives; here used as a metaphor for a secluded love.
  • Epitomize — to be a perfect example of something.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review the poem and its metaphors.
  • Study the features of metaphysical poetry.
  • Prepare for discussion on how metaphysical conceits shape meaning in the poem.