Chapter 36: Expectorants

Mechanism of Action

• Expectorants thin and loosen bronchial secretions.
• Facilitates mobilization and expectoration (coughing up and spitting out) of pulmonary secretions.
• Direct stimulation of the secretory glands of the respiratory tract.

Therapeutic Effects

• Mobilization and exfoliation of pulmonary secretions.
• Helps patients to cough up and expel secretions.

Indications

• Used for chest congestion associated with:
  • Common cold
  • Bronchitis
  • Influenza

Contraindications

• Primarily if the patient has a drug allergy.

Side Effects

• Generally minimal.
• Can include nausea and vomiting.

Nursing Actions

• Monitor for therapeutic and side effects.
• Encourage patients to increase fluid intake as tolerated to aid in liquefying secretions, making it easier to mobilize and expel them.

Patient Education

• Re-evaluate if cough persists for more than one week or worsens.

Examples of Drugs in This Class

• Guaifenesin:
  • Known as Robitussin or Mucinex.
  • Remember the generic prototype name: Guaifenesin.