Overview
This lecture explains the role and structure of motherboards in computers, focusing on common motherboard sizes (ATX and ITX), their features, and scenarios for their use.
Motherboard Basics
- The motherboard is the core physical component in all computers.
- It houses the CPU, memory slots, power connections, and expansion slots.
- All computer operations begin and end with interactions through the motherboard.
- Motherboards come in various sizes, affecting features and expansion capabilities.
- Despite size differences, most motherboards use a standardized power connector for compatibility.
Importance of Motherboard Size
- Choice of motherboard often depends on case size, desired expansion, and cooling needs.
- Larger cases support larger motherboards with more expansion options.
- Small form factor devices require smaller motherboards with fewer slots.
Common Motherboard Types
- Although there are over 40 motherboard types, only two or three are widely used.
- ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) and ITX are the two main families for desktops and small devices.
- ATX is most common in desktops, offering many expansion and memory slots.
- ITX (specifically Mini ITX) is suited for small form factor systems like media centers or thin clients.
ATX Motherboards
- ATX is the standard since 1995 for desktop computers.
- Modern ATX boards usually have a 20 or 24-pin power connector and additional CPU power connectors.
- They offer ample expansion slots and memory capacity.
ITX Motherboards
- Developed by VIA Technologies in 2001, ITX boards are designed for compact systems.
- Mini ITX size allows use in small cases, ideal for tight spaces.
- Mounting holes are compatible with ATX cases, allowing flexible installation options.
Choosing the Right Motherboard
- Select based on the task: large ATX for desktops, Mini ITX for media centers or where space is limited.
- Understanding motherboard size and features is necessary for matching to specific computer tasks.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Motherboard — The main circuit board that connects all computer components.
- ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) — A popular motherboard standard for desktops, established in 1995.
- ITX — A family of smaller motherboards, with Mini ITX being common for compact systems.
- Expansion Slots — Slots for adding cards like graphics or network adapters.
- Form Factor — The physical size and shape of a motherboard.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review scenarios in which you would choose ATX vs. ITX motherboards.
- Understand basic motherboard layouts and standardized connectors for the exam.