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Historiography of Ireland's WWI Experience

May 8, 2025

Historiography 1918-Today (Ireland)

Overview

  • This article surveys key scholarship concerning Ireland during WWI.
  • Examines the shift from marginalisation to recognition of the war as pivotal in 20th-century Ireland.
  • Discusses military participation, home front experiences, and integration into the Irish revolution narrative.

Key Topics

Introduction

  • National Amnesia: Term coined by Francis X. Martin in 1967 describing Irish reluctance to associate with British Army veterans vs. 1916 Easter Rising heroes.
  • Public Memory: War marginalised in academic and popular memory until recent decades.
  • Robert Fitzroy Foster: Argued the war was a decisive event in modern Irish history, a view not widely held until recently.
  • Historiographical Shift: From external, minor factor to integrated part of Irish revolutionary history.

Military Mobilisation and the Irish Soldier

  • Early Histories: Focused on military exploits, often commemorative.
  • Cyril Falls: Notable for first-hand accounts and research on the 36th Ulster Division.
  • Memoirs and Cultural Responses: Included anti-war sentiments, e.g., Liam O’Flaherty’s novel Return of the Brute.
  • Subsequent Studies: Examined stereotypes, motivations for enlistment, and socio-political context.
  • Significant Research: By Bowman, Denman, and Grayson, exploring varied Irish soldier experiences and enlistment motivations.

Home Front and Civil Mobilisation

  • Social History Emergence: Late 20th century saw growth in studies of socio-economic impacts.
  • Key Publications: Fitzpatrick’s workshops, Gregory and Paseta’s thematic volumes.
  • Women’s Role: Increasing attention on women's war work and social roles.
  • Memory and Commemoration: Examined through Nuala Johnson and Jason Myers' works.

Integrated Histories of War and Revolution

  • Decade of Centenaries: Commemorations led to increased scholarship, integrating war with Irish revolutionary studies.
  • John Borgonovo: Cork study synthesises war and revolution narratives.
  • Regional Studies: Highlighted the local impacts of war across Ireland.
  • International Context: Comparative studies situating Ireland’s experience in a global context.

Conclusion

  • Historical Aphasia vs. National Amnesia: David Fitzpatrick suggests inability to discuss the war rather than forgetting.
  • Current Scholarship: Thriving field with potential for new research due to digitisation of sources.
  • Fionnuala Walsh: Indicates space for fresh perspectives informed by international scholarship.

Bibliographic Notes

  • Includes references to key publications and historians relevant to the study of Ireland in WWI.