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What are the crises associated with Sickle Cell Anemia?
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Vaso-occlusive Crisis, Splenic Sequestration Crisis, Aplastic Crisis, Acute Chest Syndrome, Hyperhemolytic Crisis.
How is Vaso-occlusive Crisis treated?
Treated with opioid analgesics.
Explain the treatment options for Iron Deficiency Anemia.
Iron supplements like ferrous sulfate or iron dextran.
What is a common cause of Blood Loss Anemia?
GI bleeding, trauma, menorrhea.
How is Splenic Sequestration Crisis characterized?
Blocked blood flow out of spleen, causing enlargement and potential hypovolemic shock.
List the causes of anemia.
Blood loss, insufficient red blood cell production, excess destruction of red blood cells.
What is the definition of anemia?
A blood disorder characterized by a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin.
What is the diagnosis method for Sickle Cell Anemia?
Sickle turbidity test and hemoglobin electrophoresis.
What is Pernicious Anemia and how is it related to B12 absorption?
Lack of intrinsic factor leads to inability to absorb B12 orally, requiring parenteral administration.
What are the symptoms of anemia?
Shortness of breath, pallor, fatigue, weakness, tachycardia.
What are the key patient teachings for Sickle Cell Anemia?
Ensure adequate fluid intake to avoid dehydration, perform meticulous hand hygiene, avoid crowds to prevent infection.
What are the symptoms of sickle cell anemia?
Chronic anemia, pain, infection, organ damage, pain crises, potential jaundice.
Explain the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia.
Replacement of regular hemoglobin (HbA) with abnormal sickle hemoglobin (HbS), causing sickling of red blood cells and obstruction in blood vessels.
Describe Hemolytic Anemia and its causes.
Destruction of red blood cells due to genetic disorders, infection, autoimmune disorders, or medications.
Describe the risk factors for sickle cell anemia.
Family history, African American and Middle Eastern descent.
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