Flashcards for:
Overview of the Progressive Era Reforms

Black Progressives responded with the Niagara Movement led by W.E.B. Du Bois and the NAACP, aiming to end segregation and expand educational opportunities for African Americans.

Progressives targeted issues like big business power, post-Panic economy challenges, labor conflict, political corruption, Jim Crow laws, women's suffrage, and alcohol-related problems.

The 17th Amendment allowed for the direct election of senators by the people, reducing the influence of political bosses and ensuring a more democratic process.

Roosevelt utilized the Forest Reserve Act of 1891 to protect 150 million acres of land from industrial exploitation, emphasizing conservation efforts.

Upton Sinclair exposed unsanitary practices in the meatpacking industry. Ida Tarbell critically exposed the operations of Standard Oil. Jacob Riis documented poor living conditions in New York's working class.

The Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act aimed to ensure the safety of food and drugs for consumers in response to issues revealed in *The Jungle*.

Muckrakers like Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, and Jacob Riis exposed societal and corporate corruption through their investigative journalism, leading to public awareness and pressure for reforms.

Trust Busting was enforcing the Sherman Antitrust Act. It differentiated between 'good' trusts that benefited society and 'bad' trusts that harmed competition.

The Niagara Movement, led by W.E.B. Du Bois, focused on civil rights protests and strategies, marking a significant effort by Black Progressives to combat systemic racism and discrimination.

Progressives pushed for initiatives like the secret ballot, direct election of senators (17th Amendment), initiative, referendum, and recall. Constitutional amendments included the 18th Amendment for Prohibition and the 19th Amendment granting women the right to vote.

Progressives were diverse individuals who believed in significant government intervention to address societal issues. Common concerns included big business power, post-Panic economy, labor conflict, political corruption, Jim Crow laws, women's suffrage, and alcohol issues.

Frederick Taylor introduced Scientific Management, focusing on increasing industrial efficiency through timing tasks and optimizing workflows. Some Progressives aimed to apply these principles to government operations as well.

Black Progressives responded with movements like the Niagara Movement and the NAACP to fight for civil rights, end segregation, and enhance educational opportunities for African Americans.

Progressive Era changes included the direct election of senators (17th Amendment), introduction of the secret ballot, initiative, referendum, recall, and constitutional amendments like the 19th Amendment giving women the right to vote.

Roosevelt's Square Deal aimed at fair treatment for all in labor and business. An example was his intervention in the anthracite coal strike.