Overview
This lecture covers the six classes of airspace relevant to pilots, focusing on the differences between controlled and uncontrolled airspace and their key characteristics.
Types of Airspace
- There are four main types: controlled, uncontrolled, special use, and other airspace.
- This lesson focuses on controlled and uncontrolled airspace; special use and other types will be discussed later.
Controlled vs. Uncontrolled Airspace
- Controlled airspace includes Classes A, B, C, D, and E.
- In controlled airspace, ATC (Air Traffic Control) may provide radar services and maintain separation, especially for instrument flights.
- Uncontrolled airspace is Class G, where ATC does not provide radar services and aircraft operate with fewer restrictions.
The Six Classes of Airspace
- Class A: Ranges from 18,000 feet MSL to FL600 (60,000 feet); requires IFR clearance and not used by VFR pilots.
- Class B: Surrounds major airports ("busy"); surface to 10,000 feet AGL; shaped like an upside-down wedding cake; ATC clearance required to enter.
- Class C: Crowded but less busy; typically extends from surface to 4,000 feet AGL; upper level 10-mile radius; ATC communication required before entry.
- Class D: Surrounds small towered airports; cylindrical, 5-mile diameter; surface to 2,500 feet AGL; must communicate with tower before entry.
- Class E: "Everywhere else"; usually starts at 1,200 feet AGL and extends to the base of Class A; can start at 700 feet in busy areas; still controlled.
- Class G: Uncontrolled; near the ground, typically from surface up to controlled airspace above; least restrictive.
Key Terms & Definitions
- MSL (Mean Sea Level) — Standard reference for altitude.
- AGL (Above Ground Level) — Height above the actual ground.
- ATC (Air Traffic Control) — Service managing aircraft traffic for safety.
- IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) — Flight operations using instruments, often in controlled airspace.
- VFR (Visual Flight Rules) — Flying by visual navigation, typically less restricted.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Memorize the six airspace classes and the phonetic alphabet.
- Review details for Class B airspace in the next lesson.
- Await future lessons on special use and other airspace types.