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Avogadro's Constant in Mole Calculations
Nov 14, 2024
Avogadro's Constant and Mole Calculations
Objective
Use Avogadro's constant to calculate the number of molecules and atoms in a given sample.
Targeted at higher students, not foundation level.
Key Concepts
Avogadro's Constant
: 6.02 x 10^23, used to represent the number of particles in a mole.
Calculating Moles of Atoms
Example 1: Water (H2O)
Formula
: H2O
Atoms per Molecule
: 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen = 3 atoms
Moles of Atoms
: 1 mole of water molecules = 3 moles of atoms
Example 2: Methane (CH4)
Formula
: CH4
Atoms per Molecule
: 1 carbon, 4 hydrogen = 5 atoms
Moles of Atoms
: 1 mole of methane molecules = 5 moles of atoms
Example 3: Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Formula
: Ca(OH)2
Atoms per Molecule
: 1 calcium, 2 oxygen, 2 hydrogen = 5 atoms
Moles of Atoms
: 1 mole of calcium hydroxide = 5 moles of atoms
Calculating Number of Atoms
Example 1: Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
Formula
: HCl
Atoms per Molecule
: 1 hydrogen, 1 chlorine = 2 atoms
Number of Atoms
: 1 mole of HCl = 6.02 x 10^23 molecules
Total: 2 x 6.02 x 10^23 = 1.204 x 10^24 atoms
Example 2: Sodium Oxide (Na2O)
Formula
: Na2O
Atoms per Molecule
: 2 sodium, 1 oxygen = 3 atoms
Number of Atoms
: 1 mole of Na2O = 6.02 x 10^23 molecules
Total: 3 x 6.02 x 10^23 = 1.806 x 10^24 atoms
Additional Resources
More questions and exercises available in the revision workbook.
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