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Understanding Plagiarism Types

Jun 15, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains what plagiarism is, why it's serious, and describes ten specific types of plagiarism that students should recognize and avoid.

Definition and Consequences of Plagiarism

  • Plagiarism means stealing and passing off another person's ideas or words as your own without giving credit.
  • Schools treat plagiarism as a serious offense, with consequences like failing assignments, failing courses, or even expulsion.
  • Each school has its own specific plagiarism or academic honesty policies.

Types of Plagiarism

  • Clone: Copying text word-for-word with no quotation marks or citations.
  • Control C: Copying and pasting text but adding small original parts to disguise the plagiarism.
  • Find and Replace: Changing a few words or phrases from the original but still keeping most of the source's language.
  • Remix: Combining parts from multiple sources with poor paraphrasing, without creating original content.
  • Recycle: Reusing large portions of your previous work in new assignments without permission or citation ("self-plagiarism").
  • Hybrid: Mixing properly cited content with cut-and-pasted material from other sources without proper integration or citation.
  • Mashup: Assembling a paper mainly from outside sources with little original writing or synthesis.
  • 404 Error: Providing incorrect or fabricated citations to sources, intentionally or due to carelessness.
  • Aggregator: Citing sources correctly but including little original writing or analysis in the paper.
  • Retweet: Paraphrasing too closely to the original source, even when properly cited.

How to Avoid Plagiarism

  • Learn to paraphrase effectively by restating ideas in your own words.
  • Always document or cite sources properly according to your school's guidelines.
  • Use research to support your own original analysis rather than replace it.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Plagiarism — using someone else's words or ideas without giving proper credit.
  • Paraphrasing — restating information from a source in your own words and style.
  • Citation — providing details about where information or ideas came from.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review your school's academic honesty or plagiarism policy.
  • Practice paraphrasing and citing sources accurately.
  • Check if your school allows reuse of your own previous work before submitting.