okay I was just talking about how Islam coming back here creates a house of learning and also algebra and they're able to here we go become the medieval the principal heir to ancient Greek science they're going to take it and incorporate it as part of their society that's my point here okay now and I gave the example of medicine right medicine becomes very important they incorporate what they learned you know what they learn in particular well lots of stuff but in but things such as the humors earth air fire I'm sorry that's element elements and humans earth air fire and water and black bile yellow bile blood and phlegm therefore all of these things that were created by Aristotle but I told you to remember are now going to be part of Islamic civilization and spread everywhere they go as well very important this is a Canon of Medicine which I cannot read but it is the Canon of Medicine the humors diseases diagnosis surgery therapy ophthalmology drugs pharmacology obstetrics pediatrics they invent discover lots of advanced medicine that's the golden age wonderful stuff for example here it is they discover the pulmonary circulation system that if you're going into nursing or anything you will have to learn ah darn it right but in this case right with my point is they are learning from the ancient Greeks and incorporating it and then going on with it if you want to draw for example me an artist I've done expert but you go to the ancients right like I went to like Michelangelo Raphael not even go to Raphael I went to da Vinci right and I looked at some of their pen and ink work and then you take down you'll learn from it and then you advance that with your own ideas so you're learning from the past and living in the present and changing the future and that's what you do if you are Muslim you probably attend a mosque a mosque it's not exactly but you're gonna write down anyway is like a church if you're Christian right or maybe a temple if you're Hindu in this case this is the oldest mosque in Medina in existence and it's very important because there are pillars of Islam things that you should do if you're an appropriate card-carrying so to speak Muslim one of the things is you have to pray five times a day now right here each local mosque was a center of learning and literacy kind of like your churches I hope you actually learned something when you go to church if not then well okay then ah you have official timekeepers called Milwaukee and I'm sure I started the pronunciation Milwaukee or official pine keepers who set ties repairs they have to be exact we pray five times a day and it has to be exact right here afternoon prayers occur when the shadow of an object equals a length of a shadow at noon plus a length of an object in other words it's very difficult to know exactly when to pray unless you know the geometry yes you have to learn geometry most of us are not smart enough to know other geometry so you these Official time keepers will climb up to the top of the towers and yell it's time to pray and then you know it's time to pray kind of like every night at seven o'clock we yell to our family time for scripture and prayer because we come down there we read scriptures as a family and 7:00 o'clock p.m. sometimes I hate it but too bad for them right this kind of thing we learn stuff add this okay if you wanted I'm gonna open it up here let's make sure it works right ah you actually have to pray five times a day I this prayer right here 451 this morning sunrise you don't have to pray then upcoming prayers gonna be in 6 minutes 48 seconds right that's the next prayer of the day then you breathe pray at 5:17 842 this one I'm some people pray in the middle of the night right kind of like some very conservative monasteries are gonna have I can't really what to call it but you know middle the night prayers right I should know what that is I just can't remember it right so if you are living there today though you pray five times a day at specific times but you probably download an app right and that just makes it so it's easier put it on your phone you can just download the app and it'll tell you that I'm doing it's time to pray so if I come back to here right ah you pray five times a day and and I told you like that the jia jia uh tree but it's even a little bit more complex than that depending on where you live so we're living in north america because you know that the angle of the Sun under the horizon if it's a fifteen degrees that's when you say the first there go first prayer right and then then you pray say this last prayer at 18 degrees D whoops 15 degrees the other direction so it's kind of not always the same so Europe is kind of trying to figure out times as well right if they're going to pray five times a day Islam what you're supposed to do you know when do they pray well they pray a certain number of times throughout the day but in order to figure out when to pray they invent kind of later like five centuries later but they invent a clock right what they call canonical hours that's based off of prayers the elastic units kind of like if you ever play like headbands or something right you have this little timer and you turn it over and we called the hourglass but not all of the our glasses are a whole hour so they kind of change but it's uh eventually we're going to say that we're gonna have 24 of those our glasses in one day but if you can imagine that means that every city you go to five o'clock was kind of at a different time it's not all the same so this is much much more accurate trying to figure out times to pray throughout the day here I know of course that means I'm very good geometers so they know when to pray at the right time the second thing that's important if you're going to be Muslim you have to pray in the direction of Mecca I know initial was a just like Christians - was you one to pray in the direction i've Jerusalem but it's changed really quickly right the Dome of the mosque dome of the rock yeah anyway so you pray in the direction of Mecca but that means you have to know geography there already know geometry but now they have to know geography in order to know which way to pray now again when they build a mosque to pray them in a build them in a certain direction so that when people go to the mosque they know exactly which you know which way they're praying right or they just get used to praying in a certain direction I was never very good with directions you know my dad used to judge when we drive would say turn east there I'm like I don't know which way east is but he did that's the kind of thing I'm talking about he might not be a jug for yourself but you learn geography okay and of course you pray in the direction of Mecca and there is this famous Black Rock called the Kaaba ka ' a BA alright that's important the third thing is important here is going to be fasting and prayer Christian's fast and pray a lot of religious fast and pray but also Islam the month of what you received his what was it when he received the the Quran right when he received the the stuff from from God is going to be called Ramadan right Ramadan is going to be a month long period of daily fasts to be determined by astronomers what I mean by this is that our calendar is solar calendar that we use moreover not just solar calendar but the calendar you and I use is a Christian counter established by a catholic pope gregory so it's got the Gregorian calendar that's why it took so long for many civilizations to adopt this because it was Catholic I took it wasn't it take for example I don't know if I said this or not but the way you call it the oh goodness gracious the Russian Revolution the October Revolution actually occurred in September depending on which calendar you're using because they were using Julius Caesar's for the Roman Empire's calendar the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian which is like the Catholic if that makes sense some people still use the Julian calendar for religious significance I'm getting off track they use a calendar that is based off of the moon and it starts with a H which is the year uh no other Hejira which is the flight Muhammad from Mecca when they try to kill him because it was telling them not to do certain things so right here I put the Islamic calendar is lunar it is 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar calendar and there's no inter collation you took collation means is fixing kind of like if you have a clock on a stopwatch now you don't use these but I do when I was a kid we used to get these little wrist watches that you had to wind up and every day you would wind it up and make sure it was set perfectly and you usually made sure they were set perfectly I don't remember how we made shows that perfectly but I had this time the Middle Ages you would well not this time but pretty soon you would look at that town clock can you make sure it's set by the town clock when they started having wristwatches which is going to be a while so that's why the changing times of Ramadan it's always changing if I went back to let's see can I go back to this this one here I said tell me uh when Ramadan is gonna be I'm not sure it does this year I had it Islamic calendar there we go um let's see stay updated with you lovely calendar download this Gregorian calendar will this work I don't know here it's not exactly this I'll have to look for it sometime alright then I got off track okay so to come back here the first thing was where to go back well first thing was they learned ji-yong geometry so they could know when to print then they know geography so they can know in which direction to pray then they know lunar cycles so they can know when to fast and pray that means by the way you don't eat or drink during the daylight hours for a whole month the evening after the Sun Goes Down then you can it'll be very difficult for me ah and another thing was a bit of four thing is that just like in Christianity where you might want to be get an advanced seminary degree you might decide to go to a madrasah or an Islamic college to learn and in the United States oftentimes they just call them such as in Charlotte and Islamic college it sounds like a good name to me or Islamic seminary or or Islamic whatever they are advanced goes for legal instruction in Islamic law for example if in Inked in christianity you said well i think you're not supposed to commit adultery where does it say in the scriptures well then somebody that knows the scriptures will be able to say well it says right here in the scriptures thou shalt not commit adultery and you're like aha that's what I'm talking about people know it they don't confer degrees or have standard curriculum that means excite some seminaries are liberal some aren't conservative kind of like the seminary that when my friends student goes to sons friends son goes to is uh has a different doctrine they they believe in infant baptism but he doesn't right so it's kind of different types of no standard curriculum and they study a lot of Greek logic like one of the most important people are Jaques we talked about is from Socrates well people do what's right if they know what's right or they actually end up doing what's wrong even though they know what's right and you're like hmm I'm gonna speed the next time I Drive in other words you're going to do what's wrong you know it's right and that would be logic if you have to take a little bit logic class then good luck it's interesting that the in terms of Education academics smartness in my opinion the center is actually in Spain after seven eleven when Spain was conquered by Islam then the Christians then anyway I won't get into that but the Christians were pushed all the way back until this part right here or technically they were overrun but not for to Santiago in fact one of the pages Saints becomes known as Santiago Saint James take up Estella because they spelled the body of Saint James you possible under the stars take up Estella right and then from there they're gonna push back Islam and something called better conquista but I'm tell then this is the center of learning of Islam and most of the learning comes in libraries I told you this before I think but today you have unlimited access to wealth on your phone it's amazing just looking at Wikipedia articles you can learn so much I know they're not all accurate but it's much more than if you never picked up a phone it's amazing when I got a smartphone I know this has been that long ago one of the apps I could download was Wikipedia and I downloaded I was so cool hey go find it anyway so libraries often attached to madrasahs right those are the colleges or mosques and like churches and open to the public anybody can go there there are hundreds of libraries in the Islamic world a coordinate 70 libraries and each one had 400 to 500 thousand volumes in other words there are books and anybody could read books that's what we have I think I told you this but maybe I didn't when the quarantine started I just barely thank goodness figured out how to download books to my phone from the library app I've always downloaded books but I it from the library happen oh my goodness I have been just I've so many books I can read oh no just tons and tons that changes things okay I'm gonna pause because