Notes on the Intaglio Process of Printmaking

Introduction to Batching in Intaglio

• Batching is a component of the intaglio printmaking process.
• Utilizes a metal plate covered with an even wax ground.
• Wax ground acts as a resist for the etching process.

Creating the Design

• A drawing or design is created on the wax-covered metal plate.
• The design is then etched into the ground.

Etching Process

• The plate is submerged in a mordant bath; historically acid (nitric or hydrochloric), but now often a copper sulfate solution.
• The etching solution incises the design into the plate.
• Plate is removed from the solution, cleaned, dried, and wax ground is removed with solvents, revealing the design.

Inking Process

• Plate is placed on a hot plate to heat up, making the ink soft and manageable.
• Ink is dragged across the plate and pushed into the etched lines.
• Surface ink is cleaned, leaving ink only in recessed areas.

Printing Process

• Plate is positioned on a press using a registration template.
• Heavy watercolor paper, about 250 grams, is soaked to soften it for better impression.
• The soft paper is placed on the etching plate.
• Felt blankets placed evenly over the paper.
• The assembly is run through a press under even pressure.

Final Print

• The paper reveals a mirrored version of the original drawing once lifted from the plate.
• The plate is inked repeatedly for multiple prints, known as an edition.
• Editions are marked, typically on the left side, indicating the print number and order within the edition.

Conclusion

• The intaglio process involves precise steps combining chemistry, artistry, and mechanics to produce detailed prints.