Hey what's going on A-Pushers we have video number 19 for you early 1800s political parties the Louisiana Purchase, War of 1812, and the Monroe Doctrine. Before we begin it's shout out time I want to give a shout out to Mr. Lindstrom's class in Ohio thanks for watching best of luck to you all this year. All right so let's talk about early 1800s political parties so we're still talking about the Democratic Republicans and the Federalists and they're still debating the following issues number one tariffs you If you don't remember, a tariff is a tax on imported goods, which will increase the price of foreign goods, increase the cost of these goods.
So Federalists will favor tariffs. Democratic Republicans will oppose them. Powers of the federal government was another debated issue.
Ironically, during this time, the Federalists will oppose a loose interpretation of the Constitution due to the Louisiana Purchase. If you remember back during the days of the Bank of the United States, Federalists were the... party that advocated a loose interpretation for the bus and Democratic Republicans opposed it but during this time they're actually going to flip-flop on the issue because of the Louisiana Purchase which we'll talk about and Democratic Republicans tended to favor states rights whereas the Federalists were still supportive of a stronger central government.
Okay jumping over to the Louisiana Purchase 1803 very important year in U.S. history. Not only do we have the Louisiana Purchase, we have a very famous court case we'll talk about soon called Marbury v. Madison. So Thomas Jefferson, he wanted to purchase just the city of New Orleans from the French.
Or if you're living in New Orleans, they call it Nolens. And Napoleon offered all of Louisiana for $15 million. So Jefferson's representatives couldn't pass it down.
Livingston and Moreau, they're like, this is just too good of a great deal. They didn't even consult with Jefferson. They just purchased the whole thing.
So this will double the size of the U.S. Over here in brown, this is what the U.S. was prior to the Louisiana purchase. And then this area in white is what the Louisiana purchase is. So this basically doubles the size of the United States for just the small sum of $15 million.
And remember, they only want this tiny little city down here of New Orleans. And Jefferson will switch his interpretation from a strict interpretation of the Constitution to loose. Because it... doesn't say that the president can buy land from a foreign power.
So Jefferson and the Democratic Republicans will switch their interpretation from strict to loose. I remember as Jefferson switched from strict to loose. Jefferson switched from strict to loose. So the War of 1812, jumping ahead a couple years, we have a couple issues and what's going on with Great Britain.
Well, it is a war between the U.S. and Great Britain over issues such as impressment. And impressment is when the British were kidnapping American sailors and forcing them into the British Navy. Please make sure you define that, people in my class. Kidnapping of Americans and forcing them into the British Navy.
So war hawks, people like Henry Clayton, John C. Calhoun from the South and the West, they're going to be furious with this impressment and they want to demand war with Great Britain. Federalists were against war with England. They thought it would hurt them economically, especially in the northeast.
And here is a political cartoon of the famous Embargo Act, in which the U.S. forbade trade with all other nations. And you see it here, this turtle representing the embargo is stopping this guy from trading with a Great Britain ship in the background. And it says, oh, this cursed, oh, grab me.
And you're thinking to yourself, what's an oh, grab me? Read it backwards. Ah, you see it?
There it is. Embargo. Yeah, there it is.
And merchants were hurt by the Embargo Act in the northeast where most of the merchants were. And there was no land that was gained or lost by either side at the end of the war. So no side really gained any other land.
So where are some impacts of the War of 1812? Definitely know some of these impacts. Well, the war made two generals popular and future presidents.
The first one is William Henry Harrison. at the Battle of Tippecanoe. Dude only was president for 30 days.
He died of pneumonia 30 days into office. Andrew Jackson, who we'll talk about in a future video, he becomes arguably one of the most popular people in America after the Battle of New Orleans, which ironically was fought after the war had already ended, but the information didn't reach the US that the war was over. So he basically just destroyed the British in New Orleans. Now, towards the end of the war, we have the Hartford Convention.
This was a group of New England Federalists that gathered at Hartford and they wanted to propose amending the Constitution. They didn't like that there was an embargo and there was war with England. So they proposed a one term for the president because so many presidents were coming from Virginia.
And they proposed two thirds of Congress to approve embargoes and declare war. None of these ended up happening. What really gave the Hartford Convention a bad name was that some delegates urged secession, that they should.
break away and form their own country. And this really is the death knell of the Federalist Party, which makes them no longer relevant. Okay, the Monroe Doctrine, 1823 this is.
So the U.S. sought to keep Europe from recolonizing Latin America. If you think back to your world history days, a lot of nations in Latin America are declaring independence, and the U.S. wants to make sure that Europe will not recolonize or take over these. countries again.
So the US is going to warn Europe to stay out of the Western Hemisphere. Here's a great political cartoon. US is on one side and the European leaders are on the other.
The US is saying, you guys stay over there. That's your land. This is the Western Hemisphere. You are to stay out of it. In return, the US would stay out of European affairs.
You could argue that's a continuation of Washington's farewell address. And this is more symbolic in the short term, but is later used by Teddy Roosevelt in the early 1900s, which we'll get to in period seven. Okay, quick recap.
Differences between early 1800s political parties, that's your Federalist and Democratic Republicans. What are some impacts of the Louisiana Purchase? Jefferson switched from strict to a loose.
Causes and impacts of the War of 1812. And finally, the Monroe Doctrine. All right, guys, look forward to seeing you back here for video number 20. Thanks for watching, best of luck, and have a good day.