Computer Types and ICT Overview

Overview

This lecture covers the types of computers, what ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is, and the ethical use of computers.

General purpose devices can perform multiple tasks, e.g., desktop computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones, and servers.
A system unit is the main part of a desktop computer containing the CPU, memory, storage, and motherboard.
Dedicated devices perform a single function, e.g., MP3 players (play music), GPS devices (navigation), or microwaves (heating food).
Some devices, like older ATMs, were dedicated, but modern ATMs perform multiple functions and are no longer considered dedicated devices.
Understand and provide examples of both general purpose and dedicated devices.

ICT stands for Information Communication Technology.
Information is processed data; data are raw, unprocessed facts.
Communication refers to transferring data or information from one place to another.
Technology covers system hardware, software, communication networks, and devices including the internet.
ICT is essential for processing, storing, retrieving, and communicating data and information.

Information is powerful and can lead to wealth, e.g., making informed financial decisions.
ICT affects daily life—banking, shopping, traffic systems rely on ICT.
Power outages highlight society’s dependence on ICT systems.

ICT systems include hardware, software, data, processes, and people.
The goal of ICT systems is to collect, process, store, retrieve, and communicate data and information.
Examples: computer systems, cell phone systems (with SIM cards, towers, people), and point of sale (POS) systems.

Ethical use means using computers in a morally correct way.
Unethical use includes theft, spreading false information, and creating malicious software (e.g., viruses).
Digital crimes like identity theft and scams can cause significant harm without physical contact.

General purpose device — computer that performs multiple functions (e.g., laptop).
Dedicated device — device performing a single task (e.g., microwave).
System unit — the main case of a desktop containing core computer components.
ICT — Information Communication Technology: systems for managing and transferring information.
POS system — Point of Sale system used in retail for transactions.

Review differences and provide examples of general purpose and dedicated devices.
Be able to define ICT and explain its importance.
Prepare to explain what an ICT system is, naming its components.
Reflect on and describe examples of ethical and unethical computer use.