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SI Units and Engineering Notation

Aug 24, 2025

Overview

This lesson introduces SI units used in engineering and explains engineering notation, a modified form of scientific notation commonly applied in technical fields.

SI Units in Engineering

  • SI units (International System of Units) were established in 1960 for universal measurement standards.
  • Key SI units in this course include: meter (length), kilogram (mass), Kelvin (temperature), and mole (amount of substance).
  • Charge is measured in coulombs (C).
  • Electric current is measured in amperes (A).
  • Voltage is measured in volts (V).
  • Power is measured in watts (W).
  • Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).
  • Capacitance is measured in farads (F).
  • Inductance is measured in henrys (H).

Engineering Notation

  • Scientific notation simplifies writing very large or small numbers (e.g., 1.2 × 10⁻⁸ F).
  • Engineering notation uses powers of three (10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³, 10⁰, 10³, etc.) for easier use with metric prefixes.
  • Common prefixes: femto (f, 10⁻¹⁵), pico (p, 10⁻¹²), nano (n, 10⁻⁹), micro (μ, 10⁻⁶), milli (m, 10⁻³), kilo (k, 10³), mega (M, 10⁶), giga (G, 10⁹).
  • Example: 330,000 Ω = 330 kΩ or 0.33 MΩ; 0.000000012 F = 12 nF or 0.012 μF.
  • Always write values using the most suitable metric prefix, usually keeping numbers between 1 and 999.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • SI Units — International measurement system for standardizing physical quantities.
  • Coulomb (C) — Unit of electric charge.
  • Ampere (A) — Unit of electric current.
  • Volt (V) — Unit of electric potential (voltage).
  • Watt (W) — Unit of power.
  • Ohm (Ω) — Unit of electrical resistance.
  • Farad (F) — Unit of capacitance.
  • Henry (H) — Unit of inductance.
  • Engineering Notation — Way of writing numbers using powers of three and metric prefixes.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Memorize the SI base units and their symbols.
  • Learn and practice the engineering notation prefixes and their associated powers of 10.
  • Prepare to use these units and prefixes in computations and future lessons.