Map of Pakistan and Key Facts

Overview

This lecture was about the map of Pakistan, its provinces, bordering countries, major rivers, latitude, longitude, deserts, mountain ranges, and tricks to identify important cities along with basic Q&A.

Provinces of Pakistan and Bordering Countries

• Five main provinces of Pakistan: Balochistan, Sindh, Punjab, KPK, Gilgit-Baltistan (GB).
• Pakistan borders Afghanistan (north-west), Iran (south-west), India (east), China (north-east).
• North is up, south is down, right is east, left is west.

Important Latitudes and Longitudes

• 23.5°N (Tropic of Cancer): passes through Sindh.
• 30°N: passes through the peak of Balochistan.
• 36°N: passes through the peak of Gilgit-Baltistan.
• 64°E: passes through Balochistan.
• 70°E: between Sindh/Punjab.
• 76°E: through Gilgit-Baltistan.

Rivers of Pakistan

• Main 8 rivers: Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, Kabul, Hub, Dasht.
• Memory trick: "I Just Can't Read Slowly" – Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej.

Plateaus, Deserts, Mountain Areas

• Two plateaus: Potohar (Punjab), Balochistan plateau.
• Three deserts: Thar (Sindh), Thal (Punjab), Kharan (Balochistan).
• Major mountain ranges: Hindu Kush (north), Safed Koh (Afghanistan border), Sulaiman Range (middle), Karakoram (top), Himalayas (bottom).

Major Cities – Identification Tricks

• Balochistan: Quetta (middle, top), Gwadar (bottom, on the edge).
• Sindh: Karachi (corner, bottom), Hyderabad (middle).
• KPK: Peshawar (bottom/Punjab border), Chitral (top).
• Punjab: Lahore (corner bottom), Sialkot (corner top), Gujranwala (middle), Islamabad/Murree (top), Multan (bottom), Faisalabad (between Multan-Gujranwala).
• Gilgit-Baltistan: Gilgit.

Past Papers/Practice

• Questions come on identifying locations on the map, latitude/longitude, bordering countries, rivers, deserts, cities, etc.
• Tricks and practice make map questions easier.

Key Terms & Definitions

• Latitude (अक्षांश) — Horizontal lines of the Earth, like 23.5°N, 30°N.
• Longitude (देशांतर) — Vertical lines of the Earth, like 64°E.
• Plateau (पठार) — Elevated flat area.
• Desert (रेगिस्तान) — Dry and sandy area.
• Mountain Range (पर्वतमाला) — Connected mountain chain.

Action Items / Next Steps

• Review major cities, rivers, plateaus, deserts, and bordering countries on maps.
• Practice map labeling according to the tricks.
• Solve map questions from past papers.