Lecture Review: Age of Napoleon and French Empire

Introduction

Lecturer: Dr. Dinka
Purpose: Review lecture for quiz four
Topics covered: Napoleon Bonaparte, French Empire, territorial expansion, and France's civilizing mission

Birth and Early Life:
- Born in Corsica, 1768 (then part of Italy, later conquered by France)
- Enrolled in French military school at nine on scholarship
- Teased for Corsican accent and height; worked hard to become a brilliant strategist
Military Career and Leadership:
- Promoted to Royal Academy at 15; excelled during French Revolution
- Seen as the savior of the revolution; defeated Austrians, Prussians, and royalists
- Crowned himself Emperor of the French Empire in 1804; crowned wife Josephine as Empress
Achievements and Empire:
- Restored economic, social, religious, and legal order
- Expanded French power and influence in Europe
- Soldiers marched 30 miles a day; immense military effort

Cultural Influence:
- French language seen as rational and clear since the Enlightenment
- Became the language of aristocracy in Europe (e.g., Russia)
- Famous French writers promoted the language globally (e.g., Charles Perrault's fairy tales)
Francophonie Organization:
- International organization promoting French-speaking cultures
- Established in 1987 with 56 members, 3 associates, and 14 observers
- Includes former French colonies and countries choosing affiliation (e.g., Romania)
- Promotes cultural diversity against English language dominance

Hôtel des Invalides:
- Located in 7th arrondissement of Paris
- Contains museums, monuments, and Napoleon's statue (made from melted cannons)
- Functions as a hospital and old soldier's retirement home