[Music] when it comes to helping a person whose heart has stopped there are two important things you can do one is to give CPR or cardiopulmonary resuscitation the other is to use an AED or automated external defibrillator today we'll show you how to do both because these two actions could help you save someone's [Music] life if they don't like the deal they can go somewhere else you know what I just don't care anymore no no that's ridiculous no we're not going to do that no no oh my chest is started hurt are you okay are you okay you have the manager call 911 see if they have an AED if they do bring it back [Music] welcome to the CPR and AED module of the American Heart association's Hearts saer First Aid course before we get started let's define a couple of terms that you'll hear used during the course for the purposes of this course an adult is anyone who is going through or who has already gone through puberty if there's any question about whether or not the person has reached puberty treat the person as you would an adult someone who responds moves speaks blinks or otherwise reacts when you tap him and ask if he's okay when you push on the chest during CPR that's called a compression when someone's heart stops beating blood stops flowing through the body CPR can help keep a person's blood flowing until other Medical Care can be given the most important part of CPR is pushing hard and fast on the chest when you give compressions when you push on the chest you pump blood to the brain and heart so let's focus just on compressions right now and take a look at how they should be done move clothes out of the way put the heel of one hand on the lower half of the breast bone put the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand push straight down at least 2 in with each compression after each compression let the chest come back up to its normal position this lets blood flow back into the chest you'll need to give compressions at the rate of at least 100 per minute so let's practice giving compressions you'll learn the other steps to go with this soon but for now we just want to work on doing a good job of giving compressions now this means you'll be doing more compressions in a row for this practice than you would for a regular cycle of CPR you see we want to focus first on the most important part of CPR giving compressions then we'll add other things you can do to help someone who needs CPR we're going to pause the video now to allow you to get into position to practice and throughout the course today you'll be taking turns practicing whoever is last each time can stay in position when finished since you'll be the first one to go the next time for this practice you should be kneeling next to the mannequin so you can watch the video as you go you should be kneeling next to the mannequin which should be lying on a firm flat surface follow along with the video as it shows you what to do get ready and begin put the heel of one hand on the lower half of the breast bone then put the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand when I tell you push straight down on the mannequin's chest remember to push hard and push fast after each compression let the chest come back up to its normal position position get ready and begin push hard and fast try to keep time with the beat until the drum beat stops when you push make sure the mannequin's chest moves down at least 2 in with every compression after each compression let the chest come back up to its normal position continue to compress at the rate of at least 100 beats per minute [Music] overall the first compressions are the most effective and they become less effective as you go if someone else knows CPR take turns by switching at least every 2 minutes even if you're not tired this will help make sure your CPR is effective I know CPR can it help move quickly to keep the Paw and compressions as short as possible while you are arresting remind the other rescuer to push down at least 2 in at a rate of at least at least 100 compressions per minute and to let the chest come back up to its normal position after each compression now you know how to perform the most important part of CPR giving compressions by pushing hard and fast on the chest if you are also able to give breaths you will help even more so next we'll learn how to open the airway and give breaths you'll take turns as before watching and listening to the video as it tells you what to do before you practice though the video will pause so your instructor can teach you how to make sure your mannequin is clean before each practice now we're going to learn another important part of CPR opening the airway and giving breaths this should be done quickly during CPR never interrupting compressions for more than 10 seconds opening the airway correctly will help keep the tongue out of the way to make sure your breaths are effective as you practice this skill today you'll be doing so on a mannequin this means that giving breaths effectively can take a little more practice especially since you don't want to interrupt compressions for more than 10 seconds to give breaths however in a real emergency you may find it's actually easier to give breaths properly to a real person person so let's look at the steps for opening the airway and giving breaths we'll show you how first then you'll get a chance to practice begin with your hands on the mannequin's chest since you will always be giving breaths after compressions you don't have to actually push on the chest right now to open the airway follow these steps put one hand on the forehead and the fingers of your other hand on the Bony part of the chin then tilt the head back and lift the chin it's important to avoid pressing into the soft part of the neck or under the chin because this might block the airway while holding the airway open pinch the nose closed with your thumb and for finger take a normal breath cover the person's mouth with your mouth give two breaths blow for 1 second each as you give each breath you should look down at the person's chest to see it rise actually seeing the chest begin to rise is the best way to know that your breaths are effective after giving the breath go back to the position to give compressions again this can take more practice because sometimes you'll find that your breaths aren't making the person's chest rise if you give a breath and the chest doesn't rise quickly re open the airway by allowing the head to go back to the normal position and then open the airway again give another breath and make sure the chest Rises this time interrupting compressions for no more than 10 seconds total if the chest doesn't rise begin pushing hard and pushing fast on the chest again let's watch one more time put one hand on the forehead and the fingers of your other hand on the Bony part of the chin then tilt the head back and lift the chin while holding the airway open pinch the nose closed with your thumb and forefinger take a normal breath cover the person's mouth with your mouth give two breaths blow for 1 second each watch for the chest to rise after giving the breath go back to the position to give compressions now it's your turn to practice opening the airway and giving breaths along with the video who whoever went last before will go first this time you'll try three sets of two breaths and you'll start and end each time with your hands on the mannequin's chest the first set will go a little slower but the second two should be normal speed remember if the chest doesn't rise after the first breath each time reopen the airway and give a second breath within 10 seconds you should already be in position so get ready begin start starting with your hands on the mannequin's chest move to open the airway put one hand on the forehead and the fingers of your other hand on the Bony part of the chin tilt the head back and lift the chin hold the airway open pinch the nose closed and take a normal breath cover the person's mouth with your mouth give a breath for 1 second give a second breath blowing for one second again watch for the chest to rise go back to the compression's position okay try again open the airway pinch the nose give a breath give a [Music] breath okay try again open the airway pinch the nose give a breath give a breath you know during CPR there's very little chance of catching a disease however some workplaces require Rescuers to have masks masks are made of firm plastic and fit over the ill or injured person's mouth or mouth and nose you may need to put a mask together before you use it but this is usually as simple as popping it into shape and attaching the oneway valve that goes with the The Mask that's the part you breathe into there are different sizes for adults children and infants so make sure you're using the right size so let's take a look at how to give breaths using a mask we're going to show you a demonstration on how to place the mask and give breaths afterwards we'll give you a chance to practice giving breaths using a mask start out kneeling next to the mannequin with your hands on the chest put the mask over the mannequin's mouth and nose if the mask isn't round put the narrow part of the mask on the bridge of the nose the wide part of the Mask should cover the mannequin's mouth tilt the head and lift the chin while pressing the mask against the mannequin's face it's important to make a good seal between the mannequin's face and the mask while you lift the chin to keep the airway open now that you've got the mask position positioned give two breaths while watching for chest rise as you give each breath you should look down at the mannequin's chest to see it rise actually seeing the chest begin to rise is the best way to know that your breaths are effective after giving the breath set the mask on the floor next to the mannequin's head and go back to the position to give compressions let's try once again place the mask and open the airway making sure to get a good seal give a breath give a breath after giving the breath go back to the position to give compressions let's try one last time place the mask and open the airway making sure to get a good seal give a breath give a breath after giving the breath go back to the position to give compressions now we're going to practice using a mask to give breaths the video will pause to allow you to assemble your masks and get into place to practice and by the way keep the one-way valve you given you'll try three sets of two breaths like before and you'll start and end each time with your hands on the mannequin's chest the first set will go a little slower but the second two should be normal speed remember if the chest doesn't rise after the first breath each time reposition the mask and give a second breath within 10 seconds whoever went last before should already be in position so get ready and begin start out kneeling next to the mannequin with your hands on the chest get ready and begin put the mask over the mannequin's mouth and nose tilt the head and lift the chin while pressing the mask against the mannequin's face now that you've got the mask positioned give two breaths while watching for chest rise after giving the breath set the mask next to the mannequin's head and go back to the position to give compressions let's try once again but at regular speed place the mask and open the airway give a breath give a breath place your hands back on the chest let's try one last time place the mask and open the airway give a breath give a breath place your hands back on the chest remember if you give a breath and the chest doesn't rise you need to reopen open the airway and reposition The Mask to get a better seal give another breath and make sure the chest Rises this time interrupting compressions for no more than 10 seconds total if the chest doesn't rise begin pushing hard and pushing fast on the chest again okay now let's try putting compressions and giving breaths with a mask together together we're going to practice along with the video just like we did before and again if you were the last to practice then stay in place since you'll go first this time we're going to do two sets of 30 compressions and two breaths this is the ratio you'll use to give effective CPR remember to push straight down at least 2 in at a rate of at least 100 compressions per minute push hard and push P fast after each compression let the chest come back up to its normal position when giving breaths tilt the head and lift the chin while pressing the mask against the person's face it's important to make an airtight seal between the person's face and the mask while you lift the chin to keep the airway open you should start out kneeling next to the mannequin with your hands in place to give compressions so get into position get ready and [Music] begin now open the airway and give two breaths with a mask repeat [Music] [Music] now we want to talk about something else you can do to help make the CPR you give as effective as possible ESS is on their way here's our AED great thanks please help keep everybody back everyone let's back up back up let's give them some space attach pads to the victim's bare chest plug in pads connector analyzing hard Rhythm do not touch the victim shock needed charging stay clear of victim everybody stand clear deliver shock now shock delivered begin CPR start with compressions sometimes a person's heart doesn't work right and the person needs CPR an automated external defibrillator or AED is a machine with a computer in it that can shock the heart to make it work properly if you start CPR right away and then use an AED within a few minutes you'll have the best chance of saving a life aeds are safe accurate and easy to use there are many different brands and although they may differ slightly the same basic steps operate all of them depending on which brand of AED you use there may special pads or a key or switch for use on children less than about 8 years of age to use an AED you simply turn it on by either pushing the on button it should be clearly labeled or lifting the lid Once you turn on the AED you'll hear voice prompts telling you everything you need to do follow the instructions on the AED pads to decide whether to use adult pads or to use child pads or a key or switch adult pads are used for someone older than about 8 years of age we're going to go ahead and give you a chance to practice using an AED trainer just so you can see what it's like oh and don't worry it can't really give a shock you'll start with your hands in place to give compressions and the AED will arrive immediately first turn the AED on push the on button or open the lid attach pads to the victim's bare chest follow the AED prompts and the pictures on the package or [Music] pads plugin pads connector analyzing hard Rhythm do not touch the victim shock needed charging stay clear of victim clear deliver shock now shock delivered begins CPR start with [Music] compressions the video will pause now so your instructor can explain how to operate the AED trainer you're going to use today then you'll get a chance to practice now that you know how to give CPR and use an AED let's talk about knowing when to give CPR the American Heart association's chain of survival shows the most important actions you can take to deal with life-threatening emergencies the first link in the adult chain is to recognize the emergency and call for help this is followed by early CPR with an emphasis on compressions rapid AED use effective Advanced Care and Coordinated Care afterward if a person doesn't respond and isn't breathing or is only gasping you need to give CPR if you're not sure go ahead and do CPR R it's better to give CPR to someone who doesn't need it than to not give it to someone who does before you start doing CPR you need to make sure the scene is safe you can't help if you get hurt too next you need to check to see if the person responds kneel at his side tap him and Shout loudly are you okay sir sir are you okay if the person does not move speak blink or otherwise react then he is not responding yell for help help help I need some help if someone comes near send that person to call the emergency response number or 911 and get an AED if available you call 911 get the AED in an emergency the sooner you realize that there's a problem and get help the better it is for the ill or injured person your company should have an emergency response plan that includes when how and who to call for help many times this is the most important thing you can do keep in mind that if no one comes you'll have to call the emergency response number and get the AED yourself call 911 get the AED when the person does not respond you need to check his breathing for at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds if she is not breathing or is only gasping she needs CPR a person who gasps usually looks like she is drawing air in very quickly she may open her mouth mouth and move her jaw head or neck gasps may appear forceful or weak and some time may pass between gasps because they usually happen at a slow rate the gasp may sound like a snort a snore or groan gasping is not regular or normal breathing it is a sign of cardiac arrest in someone who doesn't respond okay here's what you've learned so far you've learned how to give compressions how to give breaths with and without a mask how to use an AED and how to assess the need for CPR and call your emergency response number or 911 so let's see what it looks like when you put all of these things you've learned together we're going to show you a demonstration of all of the steps together from beginning to end including the use of an AED pay close attention because you'll get a chance to practice afterwards if you find a person who may be ill or injured first check to be sure the scene is safe the scene is safe make sure the person is lying on his back on a firm flat surface sir sir are you okay tap and Shout to see if the person responds if not then yell for help help help I need help if someone comes send that person to call the emergency response number and get an AED you call 911 get the AED check for breathing for at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds if the person isn't breathing or is only gasping move clothes out of the way and give five sets of 30 compressions and two breaths keep in mind that if no one comes to help you you'll have to call for help and get the AED yourself [Music] now open the airway and give two breaths with a mask watch for the chest to rise and reposition The Mask if necessary repeat [Music] continue until the AED [Music] arrives first turn the AED on push the on button or open the lid attach pads to the victim's bear chest after you turn the AED on it will guide you through the rest of the steps follow the AED prompts and the pictures on the package or pads plug in pads connector analyzing hard Rhythm do not touch the victim shock needed charging stay clear a victim clear deliver shock now shock delivered begin CPR start with compressions and that's what CPR looks like including the use of an AED again the first compressions overall are the most effective and they become less effective as you go so remember if another trained person is present switch Rescuers at least every 2 minutes even if you're not tired to make sure you're giving good CPR while resting give feedback to the other rescuer to help make sure they push hard and fast congratulations you've just learned CPR and AED use for adults here's your chance to practice everything together the following scenes will show a variety of emergencies it'll be up to you to take turns showing how you would respond to them we're going to include using an AED but only to the point of turning it on since the AED will tell you what to do in a real emergency your instructor will guide you and after everyone is done practicing you'll each be tested on your adult CPR AED skills you are shopping and find a man lying in a store aisle there are other people around with cell phones and there is an AED in the shopping center as you leave a museum you find a man lying on the ground you have a cell phone and you saw an AED in the museum entrance while at work you find a cooworker lying on the ground you have a cell phone and there is an AED in the office this concludes the adult CPR AED section of the video let's take a look at what you've learned you've learned the most important part of CPR how to give effective compressions by pushing down at least 2 in at a rate of at least 100 per minute and and letting the chest come back up to normal after each compression you've also learned how to give breaths quickly and effectively without interrupting CPR for more than 10 seconds you've learned how to assess the emergency and call for help and you've learned how to add the use of an AED to give a person Inc Cardiac Arrest an even better chance for a good recovery just as in adults when a child's heart stops beating blood stops flowing through the body but CPR can help keep a child's blood flowing until other Medical Care can be given can I help you find anything oh no thank you I'm just looking let me know okay boys stop running through the store get over here you can't catch me oh that's you think mom come quick boys what happened he fed again found him on the floor I thought he was just kidding but he's not waking up Mom help somebody help what's wrong ma'am are you okay no my son are you okay are you okay call 911 right now okay welcome to the child CPR AED module of the American Heart association's Hearts saer First Aid course CPR AED is mostly the same for children as for adults but there are some differences so we're going to go over those now and then give you a chance to practice a complete sequence of child CPR AED before we get started let's explain what we mean by child for the purposes of this course a child is anyone who is older than one year and has not yet reached puberty if there's any question about whether or not the person has reached puberty treat the person as you would an adult as we mentioned before compressions are the most important part of CPR one difference between adult and child CPR is how compressions are done when giving compressions to a child you may only need to use one hand however you should still be able to push down about 2 in if you can't do this with one hand then use to as in adult CPR sometimes people don't push hard enough during child CPR because they don't want to hurt the child however it's better to push too hard than not hard enough an injury is better than death children often have healthy Hearts but even a child's heart can stop beating if she can't breathe or has trouble breathing so it's very important to give breaths as well as compressions to a child who needs CPR just as in adult CPR opening the airway correctly will help keep a child's tongue out of the way to make sure your breaths are effective when giving breaths to Children open the airway and give breaths that make the chest rise just like for adults however for small children you will not need to blow as much as for larger children or adults actually seeing the chest begin to rise is the best way to know that your breaths are effective masks for children are made the same way as those for adults only smaller to fit over the ill or injured child's mouth or mouth and nose again you may need to put a mask together before you use it remember there are different sizes for adults children and infants so make sure you're using the right size for the [Music] child aeds work basically the same way for children as they do for adults as mentioned earlier depending on which brand of AED you use there may be special pads or a key or switch for use on children less than about 8 years of age if if one of these is available it should be used however if you only have an AED with adult pads and it doesn't have a child switch go ahead and use it it's better to use adult pads on a child who doesn't respond than to not use an AED at all follow the AED prompts and the pictures on the package or pads if a child doesn't respond and isn't breathing or is only gasping you need to give CPR if you're not sure go ahead and give CPR it's better to give CPR to someone who doesn't need it than to not give it to someone who does since children usually have healthy hearts and breathing trouble is often the cause of a child needing CPR it's important to get air to a child quickly if he needs CPR if you're alone when you find a child who needs CPR you should immediately give five sets of 30 compressions and two breaths first then you can go call your emergency response number and get an AED if it's available okay now let's see what it looks like when you combine everything you've learned together we're going to show you a demonstration of a complete sequence of child CPR including the use of an AED for this demonstration The Rescuer will be alone pay close attention because you get a chance to practice afterwards if you find a child who may need CPR first check to be sure the scene is safe the scene is safe make sure the child is lying on his back on a firm flat surface tap and Shout to see if the child responds hey are you okay can you hear me if not then yell for help help somebody I need help if no one else arrives to help then check for breathing check for at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds if the child isn't breathing or is only gasping move clothes out of the way and give five sets of 30 compressions and two breaths now open the airway and give two breaths watch for the chest to rise and reopen if necessary repeat after the fifth set of compressions and breaths if no one has come to help then go call your emergency response number or 911 and get an AED if possible when you return to the child turn on the AED and follow the instructions attach pads to the victim's bare chest continue in CPR while you wait for someone with Advanced Training to arrive and take over if you don't have an AED continue CPR while you wait and that's what child CPR looks like including the use of an AED again the first compressions are the most effective overall and they become less effective as you go so remember if another trained person is present switch Rescuers at least every 2 minutes even if you're not tired to make sure you're giving good CPR and remember to give feedback to the other rescuer while you are resting to help make sure they push hard and fast congratulations you've just learned CPR and AED use for children here's your chance to practice everything together the following scenes will show a variety of emergencies it will be up to you to take turns showing how you would respond to them we're going to include using an AED but only to the point of turning it on since the AED will tell you what to do in a real emergency your instructor will guide you and after everyone is done practicing you'll each be tested on your child CPR AED skills you are at the local library and find a 5-year-old child lying on the floor a phone and an AED are at the checkout desk a common emergency with children is choking from food or some other object being stuck in the airway some choking is mild and some is severe I mean did you like the movie yeah it was pretty good you know it it was good and later on we can go to the park if you want son are you choking someone help what's wrong I'm not sure I think my son is choking are you choking okay I'm going to help you okay you have a child is experiencing severe choking you must act quickly to get the object out so the child can breathe when a child has severe choking give thrusts slightly above the belly button If the child is smaller you may have to kneel to get into correct position each thrust pushes air from the lungs like a cough this can help remove an object blocking the airway if a child can make sounds or cough loudly then the Block in her Airway is most likely mild stand by and let her cough but if you become worried about her breathing call your emergency response number or 911 consider the choking severe If the child cannot breathe has a cough that has no sound cannot talk or make a sound or makes the choking sign if you think a child might be choking first ask if the child is choking are you choking If the child nods that he is choking tell the child you're going to help I'm going to help you depending on the child's size and your size kneel or stand firmly behind the child and wrap your arms around the child's waist so your hands are in front make a fist with one hand put the thumb side of your fist slightly above the belly button and well below the breast bone grasp your fist with your other hand and give quick upward thrusts into the abdomen give thrusts until the object is forced out and the child can breathe cough or speak or until he stops responding if the choking child is very large put your arms under the child's armpits and your hands on the center of the child's chest pull straight back to give thrusts on the chest instead of the abdomen if you cannot remove the object the child will stop responding if this happens then giving compressions May Force the object out take the following actions lower the child to a firm flat surface are you okay are you okay tap and Shout to see if the child responds if not then yell for help ask someone to call your emergency response number or 911 and get an AED help somebody I need help call 911 and get an AED check for breathing If the child is not breathing immediately give 30 compressions after 30 compressions open the airway and look in the mouth if you see an object in the mouth take it out give two breaths repeat giving sets of 30 compressions and two breaths checking the mouth for objects after each set of compressions after five sets of compressions and two breaths if no one has come to help then call your emergency response number or 911 and get an AED give sets of 30 compressions and two breaths checking the mouth for objects after each set of compressions until the child starts to respond or until someone with more advanced training takes over if someone is with you when you find the child send that person to go call your emergency response number or 911 and get the AED while you give CPR to the child after an emergency any child who has been given thrusts should see a healthc care [Music] provider this concludes the child CPR AED section of the video let's take a look at what you've learned you've learned that CPR for children is mostly the same as that for adults with a few differences you've learned that you may only need to use one hand to give compressions to smaller children you've also learned you should push the chest down about 2 in during compressions and that you might not need to blow as much to make a child's chest rise when giving breaths you've learned that some aeds have child pads keys or switches for use on children you've learned that you should give five sets of 30 compressions and two breaths immediately if you are alone and find a child who needs CPR then call your emergency response number or 911 and you've learned how to help a child who is choking giving CPR to an infant is very similar to that for adults but there are a few differences hey how are my little ones doing as peaceful as can be in fact I was just about to wake little Ava she's been so quiet Eva wake up little girl Ava Eva come on you're scaring me what's wrong Lisa I don't think she's okay we have her you go call 911 and get some help Ava Ava welcome to the infant CPR module of the American Heart association's Hearts saer First Aid course before we start let's define what we consider to be an infant for the purposes of this course an infant is anyone who is younger than Oney old just as in adults and older children when an infant's heart stops beating blood stops flowing through through the body CPR can help keep an infant's blood flowing until other Medical Care can be given when giving compressions to an infant you'll need to use just two fingers of one hand you should be able to push down about 1 and2 in at the rate of at least 100 compressions per minute pushing hard when giving compressions is just as important with infants as with adults make sure the infant is lying on his back on a firm flat surface if possible use a surface above the ground move clothes out of the way put two fingers of one hand on the breast bone just below the nipple line press the infant's chest straight down about 1 and 1/2 in after each compression let the chest come back up to its normal position this lets blood flow back into the chest you'll need to give compressions at the rate of at least 100 per minute so let's practice giving compressions for an infant we're going to pause the video now to allow you to get into position to practice as with adult CPR you'll be doing more compressions in a row for this practice than you would for a regular sequence of infant CPR again whoever is last each time can stay in position when finished since you'll be the first one to go the next time for this practice you should be standing next to where the mannequin is lying watch the video as you practice you should already be standing next to the infant mannequin which should be lying on a firm flat surface above the ground if possible get ready and begin move any clothing out of the way of the chest put two fingers of one hand on the breast bone just below the nipple line when I tell you keep time with the beat pushing straight down on the infant's chest remember to push hard and push fast after each compression let the chest come back up to its normal position get ready and begin push hard and fast as you keep time with the beat you are pushing at the rate of at least 100 compressions a minute when you push make sure the mannequin's chest moves down about 1 and 1/2 in with every compression after each compression let the chest come back up to its normal position keep pushing until the drum beat stops [Music] even on an infant the first compressions are the most effective overall and they become less effective as you go if someone else knows CPR take turns by switching at least every 2 minutes even if you're not tired this will help make sure your CPR is effective move quickly to keep the Paw in compressions as short as possible remind each other to push down about 1 and 1/2 in at a rate of at least 100 compressions per minute and to let the chest come back up to its normal position after each compression infants often have healthy Hearts usually when an infant's heart stops beating it's because she can't breathe or has trouble breathing therefore it's very important to give breaths as well as compressions to an infant who needs CPR just as in adult C PR opening the airway correctly will help keep an infant's tongue out of the way to make sure your breaths are effective opening the infant Airway too far can actually close the infants Airway making it difficult to get air inside follow the techniques you're about to learn to make sure you open the infant's Airway correctly sometimes you'll find that your breaths aren't making the infant's chest rise if you give a breath and the chest doesn't rise quickly reopen the the airway by allowing the head to go back to the normal position and then open the airway again give another breath and make sure the chest Rises this time interrupting compressions for no more than 10 seconds total if the chest doesn't rise begin pushing hard and pushing fast on the chest again so let's look at the steps for opening the airway and giving breaths to an infant and remember this should be done quickly during CPR never interrupting chest compressions for more than 10 seconds we'll show you how first then you'll get a chance to practice begin with two fingers of one hand on the mannequin's chest since you will always be giving breaths after compressions you don't have to actually push on the chest right now to open the airway follow these steps tilt the infant's head by pushing back on the forehead and put the fingers of your other hand on the Bony part of the chin and lift it's important to avoid pressing into the soft part of the neck or under the chin because this might block the airway also don't push the head back too far or this might close the airway as well while holding the airway open take a normal breath cover the infant's mouth and nose with your mouth give two breaths blow for 1 second each as you give each breath you should look down at the infant's chest to see it rise infants don't need as much air to make the chest rise but you'll only know the infant has gotten enough air if you do see the chest rise after giving the breath go back to the position to give compressions let's watch one more time Tilt the infant's head by pushing back on the forehead and put the fingers of your other hand on the Bony part of the chin and lift while holding the airway open take a normal breath cover the infant's mouth and nose with your mouth give two breaths blow for one second each watch for the chest to rise after giving the breath go back to the position to give compressions now it's your turn to practice opening the airway and giving breaths to an infant mannequin along with the video whoever went last before will go first this time for this practice you'll try three sets of two breaths and start and end each time with your fingers on the mannequin's chest the first set will go a little slower but the second two should be normal speed you should already be in position so get ready and begin begin with two fingers of one hand on the mannequin's chest move to open the airway tilt the infant's head by pushing back on the forehead and put the fingers of your other hand on the Bony part of of the chin and lift while holding the airway open take a normal breath cover the infant's mouth and nose with your mouth give a breath for 1 second give a second breath blowing for 1 second again watch for the chest to rise go back to the compressions position okay try again open the airway give a breath give a breath [Music] okay try again open the airway give a breath give a breath remember if you give a breath and the chest doesn't rise quickly allow the head to go back to the normal position and then open the airway again give another breath if the chest doesn't rise begin pushing hard and pushing fast on the chest again okay now let's try combining compressions and giving breaths we're going to practice along with the video just like we did before this time however we're going to do sets of 30 compressions and two breaths this is the ratio you'll use to give effective CPR remember to push straight down about one and a half in at a rate of at least 100 compressions per minute push hard and push fast after each compression let the chest come back up to its normal position when giving breaths watch to see that your breaths make the chest rise we'll start standing next to the mannequin with your finger in place to give compressions get ready and [Music] begin now open the airway and give two breaths repeat [Music] now that you know how to give infant CPR let let's talk about knowing when to give it if an infant doesn't respond and isn't breathing or is only gasping you need to give CPR if you're not sure go ahead and do CPR an injury is unlikely but it is better than death first make sure the scene is safe the scene is safe next you need to check to see if the infant responds tap the infant's foot and Shout baby baby are you okay baby if the infant does not move make a sound blink or otherwise react then he is not responding help somebody help you go call 911 when the infant does not respond you need to check his breathing do this for at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds if he is not breathing or is only gasping then he needs CPR infants can often have breathing problems for some time before you realize it for this reason if you are alone when you find an infant who doesn't respond and isn't breathing or is only gasping you should immediately give five sets of 30 compressions and two breaths then you can go call your emergency response number okay now let's see what it looks like when you combine everything you've learned together we're going to show you a demonstration of infant CPR pay close attention because you'll get get a chance to practice afterwards if you find an infant who may be ill or injured first check to be sure the scene is safe the scene is safe make sure the infant is lying on his back on a firm flat surface if possible use a surface above the ground tap the infant's foot and Shout to see if the infant responds baby baby if not then yell for help help somebody help check for breathing for at least least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds if the infant isn't breathing or is only gasping move clothes out of the way and give five sets of 30 compressions and two breaths now open the airway and give two breaths watch for the chest to rise repeat repeat you'll need to keep giving sets of 30 compressions and two breaths until the infant starts to breathe or move or someone with more advanced training takes over after the fifth set of compressions and breaths if no one has come to help then go call your emergency response number or 911 continue CPR while you wait for someone with more advanced training to arrive and that's what infant CPR looks like again the first compressions are the most effective overall and they become less effective as you go so remember if another trained person is present switch Rescuers at least every 2 minutes even if you're not tired to make sure you're giving good CPR and remember to give feedback to the other rescuer while you are resting to help make sure they push hard and fast congratulations you've just learned CPR for infants here's your chance to practice everything together the following scenes will show a variety of emergencies it will be up to you to take turns showing how you would respond to them your instructor will guide you and after everyone is done practicing you will each be tested on your infant CPR skills you and a friend are babysitting her niece you hear her call for help when you arrive she says something is wrong you are visiting a friend and hear her yell for help when you arrive she tells you her baby's breathing is not normal you find the baby in the crib you are alone and babysitting a friend's baby when you go check on him he doesn't appear to be moving a commoner mergency with infants is choking because of food or some other object being stuck in the airway some choking is mild and some is severe when an infant has severe choking you must act quickly you'll use a combination of back slaps and chest thrusts to help remove the object blocking the airway each thrust pushes air from the lungs like a cough this can help remove an object blocking the airway use the following to find out if an infant has mild or severe choking and what you should do if an infant can make sounds or cough loudly then the choking is probably mild you should be able to stand by and let her cough but if you're worried about her breathing call your emergency response number or 911 if an infant cannot breathe or has a cough that has no sound or cannot make a sound at all the choking is severe act quickly by doing the following hold the infant face down on your forearm support the infant's head and jaw with your hand give up to five backs slaps with the heel of your other hand between the infant's shoulder blades if the object does not come out after five backs slaps turn the infant onto her back supporting her head give up to five chest thrusts using two fingers of your other hand to push on the chest in the same place you push during CPR repeat giving five backs slaps and five chest thrusts until the infant can breathe cough or cry or until she stops responding [Music] [Music] any infant who has been given backs slabs and chest thrusts should be seen by a healthc care provider if you give an infant backs slaps and chest thrusts and the object still doesn't come out the infant will stop responding pushing on her chest May Force the object out lower the infant onto a firm flat surface then tap and Shout baby are you okay if the infant doesn't respond then yell for help somebody help me check for breathing immediately push on the chest 30 times after 30 compressions open the airway and look in the mouth if you see an object in the mouth take it out give two breaths repeat giving sets of 30 compressions and two breaths checking the mouth for objects after each set of compressions after five sets of compressions and two breaths if no one has come to help then call your emergency response number or 911 give only chest thrusts and backs slaps to an infant giving thrusts to the abdomen of an infant could cause serious harm give sets of 30 compressions and two breaths checking the mouth for objects after each set of compressions until the infant starts to respond or until someone with more advanced training takes over if someone is with you when you find the infant send that person to go call your emergency response number or 911 while you stay with the infant your job or workplace may require you to use a mask when giving CPR to an infant masks for infants are made the same way as those for adults only smaller to fit over the infant's mouth and nose make sure you're using the right size for the infant now we're going to practice giving breaths to an infant using a mask the video will now pause to allow you to assemble your mask and get into place to practice you're going to practice giving breaths like before follow along with the video making sure to watch for the chest to rise as you give breaths start out standing next to the infant mannequin with your fingers on the chest get ready and begin put the mask over the infant's mouth and nose if the mask isn't round put the narrow part of the mask on the bridge of the nose the wide part of the Mask should cover the infant's mouth tilt the head and lift the chin while pressing the mask against the infant's face it's important to make a good seal between the infant's face and the mask while you lift the chin to keep the airway open remember not to open the airway too far now that you've got the mask positioned give two breaths while watching for chest rise as you give each breath you should look down at the infant's chest to see it rise actually seeing the chest begin to rise is the best way to know that your breaths are effective after giving the breath set the mask down next to the mannequin's head and go back to the position to give compressions let's try again give another breath and watch to make sure the chest Rises if you give a breath and the chest doesn't rise you need to reopen the airway and reposition The Mask to get a better seal give another breath and make sure the chest Rises this time interrupting compressions for no more than 10 seconds total if the chest doesn't rise begin pushing hard and pushing fast on the chest again let's try one last time place the mask and open the airway making sure to get a good seal give two breaths blow for 1 second each watch for the chest to rise each time after giving the breath go back to the position to give compressions congratulations this concludes includes the infant CPR module of the video let's review what you have learned you've learned the most important part of infant CPR how to give effective compressions pushing down about 1 and 1/2 in at a rate of at least 100 per minute and to let the chest come back up to normal after every compression you've also learned how to give breaths quickly and effectively without interrupting compressions for more than 10 seconds you've learned that it's important to open an infant's Airway properly so it doesn't open too far you've learned how to assess the emergency and call for help and to give CPR first if you're alone and find an infant who needs CPR and you've learned how to help an infant who is choking congratulations the knowledge you have gained today can help you change or even save someone's life if you practice your skills often to keep them up to date you'll have the best chances to help a person who is choking or in need of CPR AED on behalf of the American Heart Association thank you for taking time to attend this important course [Music] [Music] [Music] he [Music] [Applause] [Music]