Overview
This lecture explores the history and reconstruction of Shakespeare’s Globe Theater, discusses key plays and theatrical traditions, and examines the audience experience during Shakespearean times.
Reconstruction of the Globe Theater
- The Globe Theater in London is a modern reconstruction near the site of the original built in 1599.
- The project was led by American Sam Wanamaker, not a British person.
- The Globe was rebuilt in 1997 using traditional methods, including English oak and a thatched roof.
- Architects' notes guided the faithful reconstruction, using 9,500 handmade pegs.
Design and Features of the Globe
- The theater is open-air with no roof due to the lack of electricity in Shakespeare's time.
- Plays were performed in the afternoon using natural sunlight.
- A flag was raised to signal when a play would start.
Notable Shakespeare Plays and Misconceptions
- "Hamlet" discusses themes of humanity, mortality, and the burden of revenge.
- The "to be or not to be" speech centers on Hamlet's internal struggle with action and mortality.
- Disney’s "The Lion King" is based on the plot of "Hamlet."
- "Macbeth" is often called the "Scottish play" due to actor superstitions about bad luck.
Theatrical Superstitions
- Saying "Macbeth" inside a theater is considered bad luck; alternatives like "Beth Mac" are used.
- The superstition is linked to the play's witches, violence, and history of accidents during performances.
Audience Experience at the Globe
- The original Globe held about 3,000 people, divided by social class and ticket price.
- "Penny stinkers," the poor standing in front, paid the least and enjoyed the best view but had little education.
- More educated viewers sat in higher-priced seats and boxes but often attended to display status.
- Lords sat behind the stage for show, reflecting societal divisions more than thematic understanding.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Globe Theater — Shakespeare’s original open-air theater built in 1599, reconstructed in 1997.
- Penny stinkers — The lowest-paying audience members who stood closest to the stage.
- To be or not to be — Famous soliloquy in "Hamlet" about existence and mortality.
- Scottish play — Superstitious nickname for Shakespeare's "Macbeth."
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review the themes and historical background of "Hamlet" and "Macbeth."
- Consider visiting the Globe Theater or watching a performance for deeper understanding.