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Solid Waste Management and Disposal Techniques

Jul 13, 2024

Environment Crash Course Final Class

Class Objective

  • Detailed discussion on various aspects of the environment
  • Review of assignment questions
  • Technical knowledge of solid waste management

Assignment Questions

  • Discussion on the assigned questions given to students
  • Assignment question: Have you tried it? If not, practice it

Solid Waste Management (Solid Waste Management)

  • Solid waste: Unwanted or useless material, such as household garbage, broken items, etc.
  • Main concern: Solid waste generation rate
    • India: 0.4-0.5 kg per person per day
    • Developed countries: 0.5-0.8 kg per person per day
  • Issues due to low waste generation and high population
  • Government efforts: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, state governments also engaged in solid waste management

Solid Waste Management Process

  1. Generation: Home, industry, hospital, radioactive waste
  2. Collection: Door-to-door collection, vehicles, transfer stations
  3. Transport: Transfer in large vehicles, from transfer station to processing unit
  4. Processing and Recycling: Reuse of materials like cardboard, glass, metal
  5. Disposal: Waste that cannot be recycled is disposed of in landfills or other disposal techniques

Types of Solid Waste

  1. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
    • Household garbage, commercial waste, open area waste, water treatment plant waste
  2. Industrial Solid Waste
    • Waste from various industries
  3. Hazardous Solid Waste
    • Any solid waste that is corruptible, flammable, toxic, reactive

Principles and Techniques of Solid Waste Management

  1. 3R Principle: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
  2. Garbage, Ash, Rubbish: Definition and difference
  3. Analysis of priorities like volume and density
  4. Calculation of energy value of solid waste
    • Energy discard, dry basis, ash free basis
  5. Physical and chemical analysis
    • Particle size distribution, specific weight

Disposal Methods of Solid Waste

  1. Sanitary Landfill
    • Aerobic and anaerobic digestion
    • Leachate control
    • Advantages and disadvantages
  2. Composting
    • Biological method
    • C/N ratio
    • Indoor and Bangalore method
  3. Vermicomposting
    • Use of red worms
    • Production of good manure
  4. Incineration
    • Burning at high temperature
    • Controlling hazardous gases
  5. Pyrolysis and Gasification
    • Thermal cracking, with limited oxygen
  6. Dumping in Sea
    • Not approved in Indian context

Practice Questions

  1. Use the given information to solve numerical problems
  2. Practice the calculation of the amount and volume of solid waste

Conclusion

  • Review all disposal techniques
  • Be prepared for the upcoming practice series
  • Process of competency-based questions

Full transcript