In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. And there is no end for the righteous, and there is no attack except on the wrongdoers. And I pray and I salute the Messenger of Allah, may mercy be upon him, to the worlds. Our Master and our Prophet Muhammad, and to his family and companions, and to those who follow them with good until the Day of Judgment, and after.
Insha'Allah today we're going to start our Kitab Al-Ab'adab Al-Mufrad written by Imam Al-Bukhari. What I wanted to do initially, the beginning was to go through Imam Al-Bukhari's biography. Because it's from the traditions of the scholars, when they read a book, that they should talk about the life of the author of the book. So the student knows the scholar or the person's book in which they are studying, a bit about the person.
But what I did, what I realized was when I was reading, That Imam al-Bukhari's life is too long for me to talk about in one sit. So what I thought inshaAllah is to make a whole series of his life. And not to just talk an hour or 20 minutes or 30 minutes.
Wallahi he deserves more than that. And Imam al-Mubakar 40 has a two volume book on the life of Imam al-Bukhari. Two volumes. Some have authored more than that. Six volumes have been authored on his life.
Because there's a lot of things that revolve around Imam al-Bukhari. So what I'm going to do inshallah b.i.d.n.i.l.k. is when we finish the book inshallah I will go through his life in a longer set b.i.d.n.i.l.k. inshallah. But today I'll speak about b.i.d.n.i.l.k. as introduction and inshallah I hope to start the book as well today is about regarding manners and why we chose this book and the importance of an akhlaaq and adab. Ikhwani brothers and sisters, the deen of Islam is deen of adab, manners. And the religion revolves around manners.
It revolves around manners. And without a doubt anyone who is found in him manners, فَقَدْ حَازَ كُلَّ خَيْرٍ وَفَضِيلًا He has surpassed and has gained all type of good and greatness. And will the opposite hold truth? The opposite holds truth, which is أَنَّ مَنَ غَابَ عَنْهُ الْأَدَبُ Anyone whose manners are missing from him, manners are not found in him, سَقَطَ فِي أَوْحَالِ الْأَخْلَاقِ الرَّذِيلَ He will be in a form, or he would be a person who is pathetic, little in the eyes of the people, no one takes them serious. لذلك دمانز makes a person great and noble.
وَلِذَٰلِكَ الْأَوَائِلِ Our pious predecessors, those who we want to, inshallah, take their footsteps, who we look up to, the companions, the students of the companions, the تَابِعِينَ and أَتْبَاءُ التَّابِعِينَ They gave a lot of emphasis and saw how important it was that they learnt the manners. They took it from the Prophet ﷺ. And not only did they just take it from him, but rather they transmitted it to us, how to act in all matters and all fields of the religion.
But, Brothers, Ahibbatil Kirab, manners is divided or the manners is divided by the scholars in four different types. The first manners is Adabun Ma'Allahi Tabaraka Wa Ta'ala, to have manners with Allah. To have manners. with Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. And that is what the disbelievers have fallen into.
They didn't have manners with Allah. They ascribe to Him that which He is free from. To say Allah has a child, that's bad manners with Allah. So the Tawheed is Maniz It's Akhlaq It's Maniz that a person comes with to know That Allah SWT isn't this The second one is Wa Adabu Ma Rasulihi Maniz with the Messenger Allah SWT said in the Quran Ya Ayyuhal-Ladhina Amanu La Tarfa'u Aswatakum Fawqa Sawti An-Nabi Wa La Tajharu Lahu Bil-Qawli Kajahri Ba'adikum Li Ba'adin Anta Habata Amalikum Wa Antum La Tash'ibun The Prophet is being spoken about, his sunnah is being mentioned.
Have manners, listen. Don't speak over the Prophet. Manners with the Messenger ﷺ. You know the Prophet ordered you to do something. You push everything you want and you desire aside.
And you say, Messenger of Allah ﷺ's speech is more honorable and more respectful to me than anything else. The third one is... Adabu ma'al nasi Manners with the people The people you are dealing with You deal with the Muslim Manners that is needed for you The disbeliever, you deal with him in the manners that Islam has told you to deal with him. Adab ma'al nas, the people.
So for example, inshaAllah, each one when we go into it, we will say, remember this is the adab with who, this is adab with who. So we know which type it falls under. The fourth, which is the last, is adab ma'al nafs, manners with your own self.
With your own nafs. To respect yourself. By doing what?
By what? By making sure that you are in a position to respect yourself. For example, when Allah SWT told you not to... sin. For you to then go and to sin, this is bad manners with your own self.
Because Allah SWT said, وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا فَعْلُوا فَاحِشًا أَوْ ظَلَمُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ Or they wronged themselves when they oppress themselves they have bad manners with themselves they run back to allah with repentance you see what is the definition of the word adam it means itch tima that's somebody that easy and i believe you mentioned that in this he says it is that all type of great characteristics are found in you what is it adam mean it means itch tima All characteristics of good are present in you. That is adab. When I say this person is muta'adab, he has good manners, all forms of good manners are found in the person.
Wherever he goes, he benefits the people. And he is like the sun for the world. Shines wherever he goes.
My brothers and my beloved The four that I mention right now Those four that I mention The first one is the Asal Al-Adabu Ma'Allah Good manners with Allah That's the Asal Wa Asasun Lil Aqsam Al-Ukhran And all the others All the other remaining three are what? They are found after the first one is found. If Adam, Allah is present in you, and you have good manners with Allah, then no doubt the remaining three will be found within you. Anyone who really has manners with Allah Anyone who after that He has good manners with Allah Without a shadow of a doubt It will be present in him Good manners with the messenger He will obey him Alayhi salatu salam And then what would you do?
Good manners with the people. And then after that, what would you find in him? Good manners with himself. So then we have here right now Asal and we have Tab'iya and Farah. The Asal, the foundation is good manners with Allah.
Once that is present in you, everything is good. else it comes out from from that and it's very hard that you find a person who has bad manners with Allah that he has good manners with the people that good good has good manners with the Prophet he has good manners with himself you won't find somebody like that how much little do you find Yahya ibn Mu'adh al-Razi, may Allah have mercy on him, from the great imam of the hadith, from the Salaf of this ummah, he said, من تأدب بأدب الله صار من أهل محبة الله Anyone who, he said, Yahya ibn Mu'adh al-Razi. He said, رحمه الله من تأدب بأدب الله Anyone who is found in him, the manners of Allah is present in him, meaning what Allah has told him to become, the manners that Allah ordered him to have, anyone who is found in, صار من أهل محبة الله He will be found in him. will be from the people in which Allah Allah loves so you have good manners that Allah has told you, the manners Allah has told you to act upon is present in you, then you have the love of Allah, and you know all brothers if Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala loves you subhanahu wa ta'ala if Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala loves you, what do you find from that person?
everything about him is just loved, it's respected, everyone likes him, his nature everything about him is good and Imam al-Ghazali Rahim He said Good manners is the characteristics of the master Of the children Of the messengers So good manners when a person is found in good manners He has the characteristics of the characteristics of the Prophet And it's the best characteristics of who? The truthful ones And in reality, good manners is what? Al-Shattru al-Dini is half of the religion. and it's also the outcome of the jihad of the pious predecessors and it's also the exercising of the worshippers so the person who you see with good characteristics in him is the characteristics of the prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and he also has an action from the actions of who? the truthful ones half of the religion is present in him.
And he also has in him, he has the Thamara means what the outcome that comes from the pious predecessors, the pious people, sorry. And also the exercising of the worshipers. So this is the Qawwal of the Ahlul Im.
Also brothers, the good manners is the door to the heart of the person. The good manners is the heart, it's a key, sorry. It's a key to the heart.
And its essence are present later on what? On the person's limbs. Whereas the bad manners is from the illnesses of the heart.
And it destroys the person's nafs, the person's soul and their qalb. Aisha radiyaAllahu ta'ala anha, the Prophet's wife, when she was asked about the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and how is he like and she wanted to define him, she said radiyaAllahu ta'ala anha, كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم خلقه قرآن His character and manners was the Quran. Alayhi Salatu Wasalam.
And Allah praised him Alayhi Salatu Wasalam. وَقَالَ دَفْعَ اللَّهُ سَلَبَهِمْ وَإِنَّكَ أَيْأَنْتَ يَا مُحَمَّدٍ You O Muhammad, لَعَلَى خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ You are of high character. And he had that.
And inshallah with our book we will go into more details regarding the manners that are needed. Allah clarified for us that the levels of Jannah it will be gained by who? It will be gained by the person who purifies himself with good manners.
Allah said Jannah Adl is what? تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ Rivers flow beneath it. خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا They will stay in there forever. Who are they?
وَذَلِكَ جَزَاءُ And this is the reward of who? مَنْ تَزَكَّى Anyone who purifies himself with what? With good manners. Anyone who purifies himself with what?
With good manners. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Ordered Nabi Allah Musa to say to Firaun Alayhi La'na May Allah's curse be upon Firaun That he said Is it not for you That you purify your manners Your self, your nafs Isn't it not And our messenger Muhammad He said He said, the word in the Arabic language, it means, it's it's means in the Arabic language, ponder with me. when you see this word إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَاتِ إِنَّمَا يَخْشَ اللَّهَ مِنْ عِبَادِ عُلَمَاء يَإِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ لِأُتَمِّن مَن مَكَارِمَ الْأَخْلَاةِ وَمَصَالِحَ الْأَخْلَاةِ You have to remember the word إِنَّمَا What does it benefit you? It means I wasn't sent So there has to be a negation and there has to be affirmation together Because affirmation by itself has a lesser meaning than when it's negation with affirmation So you have to say إِنَّمَا I was not sent for no other reason except So I've negated and I've affirmed now Negated what?
What? That the Prophet wasn't sent for no other reason. And that he was sent for what reason?
He was sent لِأُتَمِّمَ So I can complete good manners. So the Prophet wasn't sent for no other reason except for manners. That's what we understand from the hadith. that the Prophet's mission in why he was sent to mankind is to perfect the people's character.
Some of you may now ask yourself, what about the Tawheed? What we mentioned before, Adabu ma'Allah, good manners with Allah, that's what it falls under. Watazkiyatun nufusi min a'adha min a'amin rahmanin raheemi ala al-ibad.
And when Allah purifies your soul, and purifies your manners for you, that is one of the best things Allah has bestowed upon a person. Ma'am, fatah. to perfect The people's good, great, the people's manners. The Hadith of Muhammad, Haqim, Dara Qutni, all of them, they narrated it. No, not Dara Qutni, sorry, Bayhaqi and Imam al-Bazar, they narrated it.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, إِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ لِأُتَمِّمَ صَالِحَ الْأَخْلَاقِ Some say, لِأُتَمِّمَ مَكَارِمَ الْأَخْلَاقِ The word makaarim is not authentic. The word salih is more authentic, but they mean the same. So here we learn that the Prophet ﷺ was sent for that mission. Also, ikhwani, purifying your soul is from the great ni'ms of Allah ﷻ upon His servants. Allah ﷻ said in Surah An-Nur, وَرَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللَّهِ If it wasn't for Allah's virtue, عَلَيْكُمْ أَوْضِي you guys.
وَرَحْمَةُهُ And His mercy مَا زَكَى مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ He will not have purified anyone of you. تَسْكِيَةُ النَّفْسِ Purify himself. أَخْلَاقُ مَنَزِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ أَبَدًا Any one of you. وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهُ يُزَكِّي مَنْ يَشَاءُ But Allah only purifies whoever he wills. وَاللَّهُ سَمِعُ الْعَلِيمُ So Allah here is trying to say to you, I purify who I want.
And this is a minna. Anyone who Allah gives them good manners, اخلاق طيبة, these manners, the four adabs that I was talking about, that person, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has bestowed upon him a mercy. Some people said to the Prophet ﷺ and they tried to say, O Messenger of Allah, look, we are believers, you know, like as though their belief or their iman is in favor of Allah.
And Allah SWT said to them Are they trying to find Are they trying to make it a virtue From me or Allah saying That Allah has given them Islam So some people think When they become a Muslim They're doing Allah a favor Allah rather than you a favor By giving you Islam And the same applies with Purifying yourself find ones himself. The Messenger ﷺ said, and this hadith is strong, he said, إِنَّ النَّاسَ The people, لَمْ يُعْطَوْا شَيْئًا خَيْرًا They were not given anything better من خُلُقٍ حَسَن Their great good manners. A person was never given, the Prophet said, إِنَّ النَّاسَ The people, لَمْ يُعْطَوْا They were never given شيءًا whatsoever.
Anything, here شيءًا is نَكِرًا. In the context of the proof What does it show in the principles of fiqh? It shows generalization So here is nothing whatsoever Have people been given anything better than what? Good manners The Messenger ﷺ And the hadith that I mentioned now, Tabarani mentioned it in his Kabir. Also the message of the Prophet ﷺ said in another hadith, أَثْقَلُ مَا يُوضَعُ فِي الْمِيزَانِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ The heaviest thing that is placed on the scale of the Day of Judgment is what?
Taqwa Allahi, to have piety of Allah. And وَحُسْنُ الْخُلْقَ and good manners. Those two. Those two are what?
They are the two most heaviest things on the scale of the Day of Judgment. وَقَالَ رَجُّنٍ لِلرَّسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ سَلَّمَا A man came to the messenger and he said, يَا أَوْسِنِي أَوْ مَسِنْجَرَ عَبَاللَّهِ Give me advice. فَقَالَ The messenger said, اِتَّقِ اللَّهَ حَيْثَ مَعَهِمْ I couldn't fear Allah wherever you are. He said, oh Messenger of Allah, increase for me more.
Sell me more. Then the Messenger said, Follow good after you've done a mistake. It will wipe it off. Allah increased it for me. Tell me more.
What more? The Messenger said, خَالِقِ النَّاسَ بِخُلُقٍ حَسَنٍ Deal with the people in good manners. So let's rephrase that again. A man came to the... Prophet and he said, O Messenger of Allah, advise me.
O Messenger of Allah, advise me. The Messenger said to him, Fear Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala wherever you are. Whether you're in public and the people can see you.
Whether you're privately by yourself. Fear Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala Wherever you are Then the man said Oh Messenger of Allah Tell me more Increase it for me The Prophet then said to him Whenever you come with a shortcoming And you do something wrong What do you do? Follow up with a good deed. And inshallah later we're going to come to it when we talk about the obedience of the parents.
Inshallah is the first part. Follow up with a good deed. Give sadaqah. Stand up, pray two rak'ahs. You do a mistake, come with the righteous actions.
What will it do? It will wipe it away for you, inshallah. Allah said in the Quran, إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتَ يُذْهِبْنَا السَّيِّئَاتَ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتَ The righteous actions, what does it do?
يُذْهِبْنَا السَّيِّئَاتَ It will wipe away from you what? The sins. It's in the Quran. So if you do something wrong, stand up, pray two rak'ahs.
Or even do wudu. Or even give sadaqah to somebody. Inshallah, Allah will wipe it from you.
The master of the Qur'an, I said, O Messenger of Allah, say more. Tell me more. You see, because the Prophet ﷺ, look at his words. They say, as he said, I was given Jawami'al-Kalim, meaning words that in its structure, it's small.
But its meaning is what? Immense. It's big. So look what he just said. One sentence.
He said, What did he then say to him? And then he said, Then the Prophet ﷺ gave him another small sentence. What did he say?
Deal with the people in what? Good manners. When you deal with the people, deal with them in good manners.
Whenever you get angry, hold yourself. The Muslim... What he is unique at, that he is known for, is his samt. When he speaks, and the way he carries himself, and the way he acts. The Salaf, they used to come to Imam Ahmad's gathering, for what reason?
Some used to just... only come just to watch his manners. 30,000 people used to come to watch his manners, Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, rahimahullah.
And only like 10,000 would only write. So the rest, they just came to watch him and the way he walked. He said, Anyone who can scratch his head with evidence, let him do it. I mean, your manners, everything you do, try to find something for it.
Don't just walk and talk and act. Even scratching your head, find an evidence for it, as much as you can. That much you want your manners to be according to the book of Allah and the sunnah of the Messenger ﷺ. Fudhail ibn Uyyad, rahimahullah, when he spoke about the ayah, Don't kill yourselves. You know what he interpreted to mean?
He said, رحمه الله لا تغفروا عن أنفسكم Do not become heedless of yourself. It's killing yourself. By you being heedless of yourself and not caring for your manners and how you are and how you carry yourself is by way of killing yourself.
You've killed yourself even if you're still alive. You've killed yourself. So this is the قول of Fudayl al-Mu'iyyad. And another place said, من غفل عن نفسه فقد قتلها Anyone who becomes heedless of himself he for verily has killed himself. Another place, Anas ibn Malik al-Radi He said, إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَيَبْلُغُ بِحُسْمِ خُلُقِهِ عَلَىٰ أَعْلَىٰ دَرَجَاتِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ عَابِدٍ A man would reach the highest status and the high ranks and positions in Jannah just by good manners, even though he's not a worshipper.
He's not even a worshipper. He doesn't pray Qiyamul Lay, he just prays his five daily prayers. He doesn't do extra Ibadat.
But you know what he has? He said here, إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَيَبْلُغُ بِحُسْمِ خُلُقِهِ عَلَىٰ أَعْلَىٰ دَرَجَاتِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ عَلَىٰ دَرَجَاتِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ عَابِدٍ He would reach by just his good manners Highest levels of Jannah And he is not even a worshipper And he would reach Because of his bad manners He would reach He would reach the lowest ranks in the hellfire Even though he is a worshipper Aha Now This is the saying of Anas ibn Malik. He said it. Remember what the Prophet said it was called?
What's it called? What the Prophet said it was called Marfu'Remember these terms? Because now we are going to familiarize ourselves with these things.
Because we are going to go into a Hadith book. Anything I say to you, this is Marfu'Meaning the Prophet said it. Mar-fu' M-A-R-F-U means the Prophet said it.
Marfu means Marfu in Arabic. It means the Prophet said it. Anything I say to you is Mawquf.
Mawquf means who said it? The Sahabi said it. If a companion says something, I say to you Mawquf.
This is a mawquf. This is a mawquf. Bah! He said it's his speech.
Okay? It's his... It's his speech. Yahya ibn Mu'adhir, rahimahullah, he said, Fi si'ati al-akhlaq Having vast manners, a lot of manners, is the treasures of provision.
Good manners. Have you not seen a person who doesn't work? Who doesn't do anything?
But the ummah love him. They serve him. They work for him. They do everything for him. Why?
Because of his akhlaq. Because the manners he possesses. So Allah gives him through that, like kunuz. He just lives very good. All these are what, brother?
Brothers, if a person you want to know how he is inside, how can you know? By his manners outside. وَلِذَٰلِكَ الْإِمَامُ الشَّافِعُ رَحِمَ اللَّهِ said حُسْنُ الْأَدَبِ فِي الظَّاهِرِ Having good manners from outside is an evidence of what?
It's a sign, عنوان حُسْنُ الْأَدَبِ فِي الْبَاطِنِ that that person has good manners inside. If you want to know this person inside he's good, he's pure, he's outside. And look at this, the Arabs, what do they say?
وَكُلُّ إِنَائٍ بِالَّذِي فِيهِ يَنْضَحُ Every vessel will only sweat what's inside it. If the cup inside is cold, will it come cold from outside? If it's hot from inside, you have to put your finger in to know it's hot or do you just, from outside you can know?
From outside. The person who's from inside pure and he's good, outside, you will manifest them. No doubt.
You want two prayers? Yes, we will stop insha'Allah. After the prayers we will carry on insha'Allah.