Lecture Notes: Principles of Radiographic Interpretation

Introduction

• Importance of radiographic interpretation:
  • Legal Requirement: All radiographic projections must include a written report with diagnostic findings.
  • Diagnosis and Treatment: Assists in patient diagnosis and management.
• Systematic approach needed to evaluate entire radiograph, including incidental findings.

Key Concepts

• Clinical Information: Links to differential diagnosis.
• Professional Language: Use radiographic terms and understand anatomy.
• Building Clinical Skills: Practical application is necessary to develop interpretation skills.

Case Studies and Examples

1. Patient 1: Incidental finding of carotid artery calcifications, root rests, and a lesion in the anterior mandibular area needing further evaluation.
2. Patient 2: Post-motor vehicle accident evaluation showing a lesion in the mandibular corpus remus area.
3. Patient 3: Radiograph interpretation revealed mucosal thickening, a cystic lesion, and bony growth in the sinus area.

Systematic Approach to Interpretation

• Acronym: BLAST
  • Borders: Well-defined vs. poorly demarcated.
  • Location: Anatomical structures involved.
  • Appearance (Entity): Unique features of the lesion (multiloculated, uniloculated, etc.).
  • Size and Shape: Estimation of extent and geometry.
  • Tissue Effects: Displacement or destruction of surrounding structures.
• Density: Radiolucent, soft tissue density, radio-opaque, and mixed lesions.

Radiographic Projections

• Intra-oral Radiographs:

  • Systematic approach from first quadrant to fourth.
  • Evaluate caries, bone loss, root resorption, pulp stones, etc.

• Panoramic Radiographs:

  • Start from the periphery and move inwards.
  • Evaluate TMJ complex, sinuses, teeth, and bone.

• Lateral Cephalogram:

  • Depends on referral reason (e.g., orthodontic analysis, trauma, etc.).

• Skull Views:

  • Used for evaluating trauma and pathological entities.

CBCT Scan Analysis

• Orient using coronal, sagittal, and axial slices.
• Evaluate entire field of view using a systematic approach for structures present.

Important Notes

• Knowledge of radiographic principles and limitations is essential.
• Understanding of anatomy and pathology aids in accurate interpretation.
• Regular practice and integration of knowledge are crucial in clinical settings.

Conclusion

• Emphasized the need to supplement the lecture with textbooks and practical experiences.
• Questions may be directed via email.

These notes provide a comprehensive overview of the principles and practical aspects of radiographic interpretation discussed during the lecture.