Lecture Notes: Understanding the Dark Web

Introduction to the Dark Web

• The dark web is not a marketplace itself but a part of the internet that requires special tools to access.
• Regular browsers cannot access dark web sites; you need to use specific software.

Accessing the Dark Web

• Onion Router (Tor):
  • An open-source project designed to anonymize internet traffic.
  • Decentralizes traffic, providing anonymity beyond a VPN.
  • Available for download via the Tor Project's website.
• Hidden Wiki:
  • A directory that provides links to various categories of websites on the dark web.
  • Contains links to illegal activities like murder-for-hire, counterfeit money, fake IDs, etc.

The Role of VPNs

• Using a VPN on top of Tor provides an extra layer of security and anonymity.
• It makes your internet service provider (ISP) unable to see your Tor usage.

Using the Dark Web

• Technically, you can access regular websites and check emails, but:
  • The connection is slow.
  • It's not recommended for regular internet activities.

Investigations on the Dark Web

• Usage for Investigations:
  • Primarily used in cases related to predators and pedophiles.
• Tracking Individuals:
  • Many individuals reuse emails or IP addresses.
  • Some use identifiable profile pictures or phone numbers.
  • The dark web is not extensively used for such investigations.
• Personal Experience:
  • Gained access to a dark web site through hacking.
  • Used backdoors to exfiltrate user information for investigation purposes.

Conclusion

• While the dark web can provide anonymity, it is often associated with illegal activities.
• Extra security measures, like using Tor and VPNs, are necessary for safe navigation.

Note:

• The lecture discussed the technical aspects of accessing the dark web and its applications in investigations.
• The emphasis was placed on the necessity of using the right tools for anonymity and security.