Lecture Notes: The Unicorn Tapestries at The Cloisters

Introduction

• Location: The Cloisters, Metropolitan Museum of Art
• Focus: A series of tapestries dating back to approximately 1500
• Specific Tapestry: "The Unicorn in Captivity"
• General Uncertainty: Little is known about their origin, patronage, or narrative

The Unicorn in Captivity

• Depiction: Unicorn captured within a low circular fence
• Details:
  • Unicorn chained to a pomegranate tree
  • Identifiable pomegranate fruit, but leaves are not accurate

Botanical Studies in Tapestries

• Extensive botanical details
• Each plant identified
• Plants match typical Northern Renaissance style
• Plants placed accurately according to their natural environment (meadow, water, forest)
• Contrast: Flat background with realistic plants, no landscape features

Allegorical Interpretations

• Unicorn as a Symbol: Possible allegory of Christ
  • Unicorn caught by a virgin, representing Mary
  • Parallel to Christ’s persecution by Roman soldiers
• Symbolism Contradictions:
  • Pomegranate tree as a fertility and marriage symbol
  • Golden chain possibly representing marriage
  • Unicorn as the beloved, happy to be captured
• Dual Tradition:
  • Christian allegory vs. secular context
  • Multiple interpretations possible, not fixed

Artistic and Practical Aspects

• Unknown Occasion and Patrons
  • Possible wedding?
  • Presence of "A" and backward "E" in each panel
• Tapestry Characteristics
  • Rich, bright colors revealed in restoration
  • Material: Dyed wool and silk
  • Practical use: Insulation in dark rooms

Conclusion

• Tapestries are multi-layered and rich in symbolism
• Importance of close examination to appreciate narrative and sensuality
• Modern interpretations may seek singular meanings where none were intended