okay so in this quick video we're going to discuss the difference between introns and exons so let's get started okay so when we go through this process we need to understand a few definitions and first of all the definition of a gene from this picture you can see a gene is a section of DNA with information to construct a protein let's take a little closer look at this picture little let's zoom in and we can see that a gene is actually made from a variety of these introns and exons and that's the whole purpose of this video to show and to understand the difference between the two but introns and exons are the DNA that make up genes so here is a gene right here here's a section of DNA notice how a pairs to T and C pairs to G so now I've colorcoded everything in red will eventually be deemed an intron and everything in blue will eventually be deemed an Exon well the the other definition I want to bring up is the definition of transcription the process of using a DNA template to create a strand of RNA and in this case we're going to create messenger RNA so the process of transcription is going to begin when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the double helix of the DNA and actually breaks the hydrogen bonds between the A's and T's and C's and G's so on the exposed DNA is where we're going to watch transcription occur you might know if there's a DNA G then through transcription a c is going to be matched if there's a DNA T then an a will be matched if there's a DNA a then a u will be matched if there's a DNA C then a g will be matched and so one by one nucleotides are delivered to this RNA polymerase and a chain of RNA begins to grow the enzyme RNA polymerase moves on down and and prize open even more a T's C's and G's now what about the DNA at the back end the DNA at the back end kind of res Zips and transcription will now proceed with the exposed DNA letters so now we have a long chain of RNA being created so the enzyme RNA polymerase moves on down the DNA res Zips the RNA polymerase prize open the next group of a t C's and G's and transcription Pro proceeds notice how transcription is actually building off of introns and exons both introns and exons are transcribed and that's fairly important so the enzyme RNA polymerase continues to move on down and transcription proceeds and as we are nearing the end of this transcription process again we have a growing chain of RNA and in this case we're building messenger RNA but notice how the growing chain of RNA is actually a combination of information instructions in red and blue of in and xn now we're going to ignore we're going to move the DNA away and now we're going to focus our attention on the RNA that's been created now that's not final messenger RNA this is what is called pre pre-mrna because of the red introns and the blue xent we we have to process this RNA this pre-mrna before it is reached the the final mRNA and so now we're getting into what intrans are intrans are sections of RNA that do not code for a protein therefore exons are the sections of RNA which will will code for a protein these are sections of RNA that will become expressed and translated into a protein intrans in red are eventually going to be removed from that strand of premrna and the blue exons are going to be spliced together into one long chain and when this process is finished we're going to just call that chain mature mRNA the red introns that are removed are eventually just broken down and the nucleotides are recycled for use later on in the cell okay so now we're going to process this premrna and it begins by removing the introns in red there are proteins that come along and remove these introns in red and now the ones in the middle of the RNA kind of fold and eventually are spliced out and notice what happened is the blue xon were all joined together into a long chain this is the mature Mr Mna and now that the mature mRNA has been created the mature mRNA will move to a ribosome where the where the information the instructions will be translated into a protein so here's a ribosome and here comes the mature mRNA that was just created and now the process of translation will occur at a ribosome the process of making a protein and so Aug you might know is a codon that starts this process and TRNA delivers an amino acid called methionine the ribosome moves down to the next codon GCU is the codon for the delivery of alanine ribosome moves down to the next codon uuu is the codon for the delivery of pheny alanine and one by one the ribosome reads codons and transfer RNA delivers amino acids well now we get to this code on ug and that's a stop codon and that stops this process of translation the ribosome actually breaks apart and that mature mRNA is eventually broken down and degraded and can all be recycled and so now we have a protein that's been created but this protein if you recall was only created from the instructions of exons the red introns were spliced out and had no functional purpose in the creation of this particular protein right here and so there you have the difference between intrn and exons so I hope you found this video helpful thanks for watching