Managing Preeclampsia: Key Strategies

Oct 28, 2024

Lecture Notes: Preeclampsia Management

Introduction

  • Presenter: Professor D
  • Topic: Patient management for preeclampsia (Part 3)
  • Focus: Managing preeclampsia without severe features and with severe features
  • Channel Milestone: Reached 100,000 subscribers

Preeclampsia Without Severe Features

  • Management:
    • Most women can be managed at home with frequent monitoring
    • Vaginal birth recommended at 37 weeks, induction if necessary
  • Outpatient Management:
    • Suitable for reliable women with controlled blood pressure (≤ 155/105)
    • Regular diet without salt restriction (caution on added salt)
  • Warning Signs for Immediate Medical Attention:
    • Abdominal pain, significant headache, uterine contractions, vaginal spotting, decreased fetal movement
  • Maternal and Fetal Assessment:
    • Weekly checks: serum creatinine, platelet count, liver enzymes
    • Blood pressure monitored twice weekly, proteinuria assessed weekly
    • Fetal evaluation: daily movement counts, non-stress testing, biophysical profile
    • Ultrasound for amniotic fluid and fetal weight
    • Doppler studies if intrauterine growth retardation suspected

Activity Restrictions

  • Recommendations:
    • Partial bed rest
    • Gentle exercises (e.g., range of motion, Kegel exercises)
    • Diversionary activities to combat boredom

Severe Gestational Hypertension/Preeclampsia With Severe Features

  • Hospitalization Required
  • Treatment:
    • Magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures
    • Antihypertensive medication for blood pressure control
  • Maternal Assessments: Blood pressure, urine output, cerebral status, epigastric pain, labor, vaginal bleeding
  • Laboratory & Fetal Evaluation:
    • Platelet count, liver enzymes, serum creatinine
    • Continuous fetal heart monitoring, biophysical profile, ultrasound
    • Doppler studies for fetal growth restriction
  • Management:
    • After 34 weeks: Immediate birth recommended
    • Less than 34 weeks: Expectant management possible, with corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation

Indications for Immediate Birth

  • Eclampsia, uncontrolled hypertension, pulmonary edema, placental abruption, DIC, non-reassuring fetal status, gestation <24 weeks, fetal demise

Conclusion

  • Next Video: Intrapartum Care
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Note: Understanding these management strategies is crucial for nursing students and professionals involved in maternal-fetal healthcare.