HS and TS ACLS Algorithm Online Training

Introduction

• Focus on identifying reversible causes during ACLS (Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support) and PALS (Pediatric Advanced Life Support).
• Key focus on conditions like Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA), asystole, ventricular fibrillation (VFib), and ventricular tachycardia (VTach).
• Mnemonic for reversible causes: Hs and Ts.

Hs and Ts - 12 Reversible Conditions

Conditions Starting with H:

1. Hypovolemia

   • Identification: Rapid heart rate, narrow QRS on ECG; other low-volume symptoms.
   • Treatment: Infusion of normal saline or Ringer’s lactate.

2. Hypoxia

   • Identification: Slow heart rate.
   • Treatment: Airway management and effective oxygenation.

3. Hydrogen Ion Excess (Acidosis)

   • Identification: Low amplitude QRS on ECG.
   • Treatment: Hyperventilation; consider sodium bicarbonate bolus.

4. Hypoglycemia

   • Identification: Bedside glucose testing.
   • Treatment: IV bolus of dextrose.
   • Note: Not officially part of Hs and Ts for adults but important in children.

5. Hypokalemia

   • Identification: Flat T waves, appearance of U wave on ECG.
   • Treatment: IV magnesium infusion.

6. Hyperkalemia

   • Identification: Peaked T waves, wide QRS complex on ECG.
   • Treatment: Calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, insulin and glucose protocol.

7. Hypothermia

   • Identification: Exposure to cold environments.
   • Treatment: Gradual rewarming.

Conditions Starting with T:

1. Tension Pneumothorax

   • Identification: Slow heart rate, narrow QRS complexes; difficulty breathing.
   • Treatment: Thoracostomy or needle decompression.

2. Tamponade (Cardiac)

   • Identification: Rapid heart rate, narrow QRS complexes on ECG.
   • Treatment: Pericardiocentesis.

3. Toxins

   • Identification: Prolonged QT interval on ECG; possible neurological symptoms.
   • Treatment: Specific to the toxin involved.

4. Thrombosis (Pulmonary Embolus)

   • Identification: Rapid heart rate with narrow QRS complexes on ECG.
   • Treatment: Surgical embolectomy or administration of fibrinolytics.

5. Thrombosis (Myocardial Infarction)

   • Identification: Abnormal ECG depending on infarction location.
   • Treatment: Based on the extent and age of the myocardial infarction.

Additional Information

• The training is for informational purposes; not for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
• Offers certification and recertification in BLS, ACLS, PALS, and Neonatal Resuscitation.
• Bundles available for combining certifications and recertifications.
• Group rates and additional resources available on the ACLS Medical Training website.
• Money-back guarantee if the certification card is not accepted worldwide.
• Contact details and more resources are available on the website.

Conclusion

• It’s crucial to address the underlying causes of PEA and related conditions promptly.
• Familiarity with the Hs and Ts can significantly aid in effective emergency response.