foreign [Music] we talked at Great length how Hitler as the dictator of Germany actually sparked off the Second World War now Hitler's Nazi party was founded on a particular ideology and it was this ideology that was being infiltrated in the minds of the masses and it was this ideology that Hitler used to bring about discrimination and hierarchization in the society now our discussion on the Nancy ideology should have a definite mention of the fact that it was Hitler's perspective Hitler's worldview that completely shaped the Nazi ideology but what was this Nazi ideology founded on it was founded on certain racial principles on the concept of racism in the concept of racism various races are treated separately and in which one race is treated Superior than the rest this is what racism is all about but what was this Nazi racial ideology according to Hitler and the Nazi racial ideology the blonde blue-eyed Nordic German Aryans word at the Pinnacle of all human races so it is as if there existed a racial hierarchy in the society and it is at the top of this racial hierarchy that the blonde blue-eyed Nordic German Aryans presided but who were these Aryans now the Aryan race theory is a flawed rest Theory and the idea and race theory has often been used as the principle of racism in this Theory the speakers of the Indo-European language were considered Superior than all the races and this Aryan dress was considered to be dominant among all the races this was considered to be at the Pinnacle of the civilization itself and Hitler also founded his worldview his perspective on this flawed theory of the Aryan race because of this theory of racial hierarchization at the top of which came the Aryan dress now came into being the concept of the master risk now the concept of the master race placed the Aryans on top of all other races now here you can see the die party sculpture that was sculpted by the German sculptor Arnold Brecker and this culture actually emphasizes the very sharp characteristics of an Aryan man now this Aryan man or this Aryan rest to be more specific was considered to be at the top of all human races and so simply because of being on the top of all human races The Aryans were entitled to expand territorially so can you understand how Hitler was using this theory in order to expand to several parts of Eastern Europe in order to populate several Eastern European regions with the Germans now do you think this idea of this racial hierarchy at the top of which came the Aryan dress was Hitler's brainchild that is to say did this idea have any scientific backing well it is now imperative on our path to find out an answer to this question so can you understand how hitchler actually used this Theory to expand the German territory over east Europe as well to repopulate the Eastern European regions with the Germans and as a reason of this the Jews along with the slabs and the gypsies were considered the inferior masses because these people were non-aryans and simply on account of being non-aryans the Jews the slabs the gypsies were racially inferior and these racially inferior communities were considered the arch enemies of the Aryans so in order to preserve the Purity the health of the Aryans it was imperative to remove all these Arch enemies of the Aryans so this lies at the foundation of the Nazi racial Ideology Now do you think this Nazi racial ideology this hierarchization of racist was completely Hitler's brainchild that is to say did this racial hierarchization have any scientific backing well it is now imperative on our path to find out answers to this question this now brings us to a discussion on the English biologist Charles Darwin he wrote a very famous book called On the Origin of Species that was published in 1859 now why is this book of seminal importance in the history of the Sciences this is because this book discusses the evolution of species through this process of natural selection now what do we understand by the evolution of species through the process of natural selection let me explain this to you by evolution of species we mean that the heritable traits or the hereditary characteristics of several species undergo changes over a period of time and this happens through the process of natural selection now those species whose heritable traits or whose hereditary characteristics actually facilitate their existence on the face of the planet will be the ones who will survive that is to say any specie if it does not have the required characteristics for its sustenance on the face of the Earth will be extinct after a point of time so these various species actually evolve by undergoing changes in their heritable traits and this happens absolutely naturally human intervention is not supposed to be here so those species who have their heritable traits favoring their existence will be the ones who will be surviving on and on now this was an idea that was put forward by Charles Darwin in the Origin of Species and in this book he also discusses how various species have come to be what they are today but the book On the Origin of Species has also been criticized on certain grounds we will come to a discussion on that later on before proceeding with this lesson let me ask you a question who wrote the famous book On the Origin of Species that discusses the evolution of different species was it written by August comf Charles Darwin Herbert Spencer or Walter Benjamin well the correct answer is Charles Darwin Charles Darwin's famous book on the original species discusses the origin and the evolution of various species through the process of natural selection the ideas that were put forward by Charles Darwin were then taken ahead by the English philosopher and biologist Herbert Spencer Herbert Spencer now propounded his new theory of the survival of the fetus and this idea of the survival of the fittest is actually founded on Darwin's Theory what do we understand by survival of the fittest just a while ago we mentioned that the evolution of species happens through the process of natural selection that is to say it is the nature it is the environment that gets to select which specie has the required heritable traits that are required for its sustenance and in this way various species keep on Surviving and some get extinct and this theory was taken a hit in the form of this new idea of the survival of the fittest so this means that whichever specie actually manages to sustain itself in the environment by fighting with other species actually survives now here is an illustration that describes the process of survival of the fittest now we will not call this first fish the fittest among the all why is it so because it is almost being eaten up by the second fish so it cannot sustain itself in this environment but the second fish on the other hand is also not the fittest one because it is also almost being eaten Away by the third fish and here it is this third fish this huge fish which is the fittest among the three and so it will be the one that will survive so in this way various species which are able to sustain themselves survive in the environment and mind you all these processes are supposed to happen naturally naturally a specie will evolve it will either survive or become extinct humans are not to interfere in this but now we will find out why Charles Darwin's theories have been criticized this is because Darwin actually put forward the idea of hierarchization of races he mentioned that there are certain civilized races which are superior to the uncivilized The Savage races but the Civilized races which race did him in he meant the white Europeans now the white Europeans are superior to the Savage non-europeans this is the idea that Darwin had put forward now this idea is entrenched in racism this is because it is actually favoring One race over the other wondrous cannot be superior over another race just like that and so Darwin's theory of the races has been criticized but at the same time many politicians and thinkers have used Darwin's very racist theory in order to justify this hierarchization of races now if we take into account Imperial rule in the Indian subcontinent we will be able to understand this better the britishers had come to trade with the Indian subcontinent and over the years they established their power in the subcontinent but then they Justified that they belonged to a higher risk a more civilized race because they were the Europeans and the natives in the Indian subcontinent were the Savages they were uncivilized ones which is why they were supposed to be subordinated to the Europeans so this was the justification that was put forward by the britishers when they came to establish Imperial rule in the subcontinent and Darwin's racist theory has been used for the same purpose that is it has been used to vindicate Imperial rule in different parts of the world so can you understand how this was also the idea that was used by Hitler in fact Hitler's racial ideology was anchored to the same thought that there was a hierarchy of races and at the top of this hierarchy of races Hitler put the early undress the Aryan dress to which the blonde blue-eyed Germans belonged so here we see an illustration of how Hitler used this Theory to justify the biological superiority of the Aryan dress in the beginning of this lesson we saw a sculpture and that sculpture was supposed to emphasize to Portrait how sharp and proper and distinct the physical features of the Aryans are and this theory was also used to shape the Nazi ideology because the Nazi ideology was actually rooted to this idea of the hierarchy of races now we have learned that the German Aryans were treated as Superior by the Nazis so let us find out who were the ones who were considered racially inferior in Nazi Germany so in the beginning of this lesson we also mentioned the point that the concept of the master risk was used to place the audience at the top of this racial hierarchy and the same Master Aryan race theory was used by Hitler during his implementation of the policy of lebanstrom in a last lesson we learned about how Hitler actually forwarded this concept of lebanstrom to increase the living space of the Germans and so he went on to Bringing under his control all the Eastern European regions now the native populations of these Eastern European regions were completely exterminated and instead the master ardiance was supposed to populate the new regions so this was the way in which Hitler thought that he would be able to maintain the superiority of the Germans and he sought to control hole Poland and Soviet Union not just the territories but all the people there and the people there would be completely wiped out of existence they were not to exist there and this is how Hitler wanted to maintain the sanctity the purity of the Aryan dress it were the Aryans who were supposed to populate not just Eastern Europe but even the entire world so this was what was there at the foundation of the Nazi ideology to preserve the racial superiority of Germans Hitler now categorized the population so it was inevitable that when Hitler believed that there was a racial hierarchy he now started categorizing the population so Hitler's idea of races actually broke the population into two hubs some were the desirables and the others were the undesirables by now we already know that it were the German Aryans who were considered desirable by Hitler but who were these undesirables foreign Hitler now categorized all non-aryans as undesirables and they were supposed to be weeded out of the German Society they were supposed to be segregated from the German population so the desirables were favored over the undesirables and in this way he wanted to ensure the continuance of the pure and healthy Nordic Aryans now this also involves a process that is known as Eugenics now what do we mean by Eugenics Eugenics actually refers to a set of beliefs and practices through which the population can be made better so how was this to be done when all these non-audians these undesirables what we did out they were thrown away from the German Society there would now be only the pure and healthy Nordic Aryans and is pure and healthy Nordic audience would in turn produce more pure and healthy Nordic Aryans and at one point of time the society will be filled with only the pure and healthy Nordic Aryans no other population will be there in the German Society so this practice was known as the Eugenics and this was what Hitler sought to achieve through the Nazi racial ideology but you will be surprised to know that not all Germans were considered desirable by Hitler there were many Germans who were crippled who were abnormal who were weak and unhealthy and these Germans were also clubbed together as the undesirables so Hitler was wanting to have a society of pure and healthy Nordic Aryans and these Germans who were crippled abnormal unhealthy could not produce pure and healthy Nordic Aryans which was why they were categorized as undesirables and under the euthanasia program all those Germans who were considered impure unfit and abnormal were condemned to death so this was how Hitler was trying to maintain the Purity and the dominance of the German Aryan dress so when we talk about the desirables mention should also be made of the undesirables the Jews slabs Gypsies and all non-aerians by origin were persecuted by the Nazis these people were all put to death in the torture chambers they were brutally tortured they were often made to work more than they could they were starved to death this was the Fate that the non-aryans had to meet in Nazi Germany now when Hitler had went on to controlling Poland and the Soviet Union the poles and Russians were also brutally exterminated now the Polish population was considered sub-human by Hitler they were non-aerians which is why the poles were exterminated when Hitler had invaded Poland and when Hitler actually invaded Soviet Union he started Exterminating the Russians there now Soviet Union was a community State and Communists were held with suspicion by the Nazi party the Nazi party was right-wing in nature and communism is a left-wing ideology these are diametrically opposite and we have already talked at Great length in our last lessons how Hitler was against the Communists and so when he invaded Soviet Union the Russians were also brutally exterminated and in this way Hitler sought to increase the living space for the Germans and the Germans would now begin to populate these regions with quote unquote pure and healthy Nordic ardians and in this way the Germans would be able to sustain themselves they would be able to rule the world so to speak so this now brings us to an end of our discussion on the Nazi racial ideology we learned how the idea of racial hierarchization was at the heart of the Nazi racial ideology Hitler believed that the audience were at the helm of all Races they were Superior they were supposed to dominate the world which is why the society was divided into the desirables and the undesirables the Jews Slavs Gypsies and all non-aryan by origin were considered the undesirables and they were severely tortured and persecuted in Nazi Germany and on the other hand the pure and healthy Nordic Aryans were considered desirables they were the ones who were supposed to be living happily in Nazi Germany in a subsequent lesson we will be focusing on one group among this huge category of undesirables we will learn about that group and how Hitler persecuted that group in particular don't forget to subscribe to our Channel and hit the Bell icon you can also register for free at deltastip.com or download the Delta step app to learn one to one with our amazing teachers or to get access to all our 5000 plus amazing videos as per your school syllabus Master each topic with our adaptive practice 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