GnRH Antagonist IVF Protocol Explained

Key Takeaways

• GnRH Antagonists: Medications that help ovaries produce more eggs during in vitro fertilization (IVF).
• Usage: Used in various IVF protocols to prevent premature ovulation.
• Side Effects: Can include headache, nausea, and stomach pain, but usually mild.

Overview of GnRH Antagonists

• Purpose: Prevent ovulation during an IVF cycle to allow controlled egg development.
• Examples: Ganirelix (ganirelix acetate) and Cetrotide (cetrorelix).

Mechanism of Action

• GnRH Antagonists: Stop the pituitary gland from releasing FSH and LH immediately, preventing early egg release.
• GnRH Agonists: Initially mimic natural GnRH but eventually suppress hormone release leading to reduced estrogen and prevention of early ovulation.

Protocol Duration and Process

• Cycle Length: Involves about 10 days of injections.
• Protocol Steps:
  • Initial use of birth control pills for up to 17 days.
  • Baseline ultrasound and bloodwork before stimulation injections.
  • GnRH antagonist injections added after 4-5 days of stimulation.
  • Blood work and ultrasound monitoring every few days.
  • Trigger shot administered to mature eggs before retrieval.

Side Effects

• Common injection site reactions: bruising, redness, itching, and swelling.
• Other side effects: hot flashes, night sweats, and potential for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Cost and Savings

• Insurance Coverage: Fertility drugs like GnRH antagonists may not always be covered.
• Cost Saving Options:
  • Use GoodRx discounts and online pharmacy options.
  • Explore fertility savings programs and manufacturer coupons.

Conclusion

• GnRH antagonists play a crucial role in IVF by controlling egg production and preventing premature ovulation.
• Despite the high cost of these medications, there are discount options available to manage expenses.