File Transfer Protocols: FTP, SFTP, and TFTP

Introduction

• Discussion of file transfer protocols: FTP, SFTP, TFTP
• Purpose: Transfer files over a network

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

• Definition: Standard protocol for transferring files between computers and servers over a network (e.g., internet)
• Functionality:
  • Allows users to make files available for download by uploading to an FTP server
  • Users can connect to FTP server to download files
• Server Setup:
  • Dedicated FTP servers can be used
  • Personal computers can also be configured as FTP servers (e.g., using Internet Information Services Manager in Windows)
• File Transfer Methods:
  • Through standard internet browser or FTP client
  • Example of connecting via a web browser:
    • Enter FTP server address (e.g., ftp://example.com)
    • Browse folders and download files (may require login credentials)
• FTP Client:
  • Popular FTP client: FileZilla
  • Advantages of using FTP client:
    • Graphical user interface
    • Easier navigation and file transfer (drag and drop functionality)
  • Connection details:
    • Address, username, password (if required), port number (port 21)

Security Concerns of FTP

• Drawback: Not a secure protocol
• Data is transferred in clear text
• Recommended usage: Limited to trustworthy networks and non-sensitive data

SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)

• Definition: More secure version of FTP
• Encryption: Data is encrypted using secure shell during transfer
• Authentication: Authenticates both user and server
• Port: Uses port 22
• File Delivery: Connection-oriented protocol using TCP for guaranteed delivery

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

• Definition: A simple file transfer protocol
• Usage: Mainly for transferring files within a local area network
  • Commonly used for configuration files and firmware images to network devices (e.g., routers, firewalls)
• Protocol Type:
  • Connectionless protocol using UDP
  • Unreliable transfer protocol (no guarantees for file delivery)
• Security: Does not provide security during transfer; only used in local area networks

Conclusion

• Summary of differences and uses between FTP, SFTP, and TFTP
• Note on TCP vs. UDP: Link to further explanation provided in the lecture.