Anatomy and Function of Forearm and Hand Muscles

Flexor Muscles and Tendons

• Flexor Muscles: Located in the forearm, responsible for bending fingers.
• Tendons: Cord-like structures connecting flexor muscles to finger and thumb bones.
• Tendon Sheath: Tunnel of tissue surrounding each tendon, facilitating smooth movement.
• Pulleys: Bands of tissue holding tendons close to the bone, aiding smooth gliding during finger movement.

Finger Movement

• Flexor muscles contract to bend fingers.
• Pulleys guide tendons, allowing fingers to flex and extend smoothly.

Trigger Finger (Stenosing Tenosynovitis)

Definition

• Condition where the pulley at the base of the finger becomes inflamed/swollen.
• Causes difficulty for the tendon to move through the pulley.

Symptoms

• Tender lump on the palm at the finger base.
• Catching, popping, or locking sensation during finger movement.
• Pain when bending or straightening the finger.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Exact cause unknown.
• Risks include:
  • Diabetes
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Gout
  • Repeated injuries
  • Forceful/repetitive hand gripping

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical Treatments

• Resting the hand and avoiding aggravating activities.
• Anti-inflammatory medication.
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce swelling.
• Wearing a finger splint to keep fingers straight.

Surgical Treatment

• If non-surgical methods fail, surgery may be recommended.
• Procedure involves making a small incision in the palm, cutting the pulley to free the tendon.
• Incision is closed with stitches and covered with a soft bandage.

Conclusion

• Consult healthcare provider for more information on trigger finger.