Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing Guide

Sep 16, 2024

Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration

Introduction

  • Presentation on configuring Inter-VLAN routing using a router.
  • Focus on the setup of two departments: HR Team and Content Team.

VLAN Configuration

  • VLAN Setup:

    • VLAN 10 for HR.
    • VLAN 20 for Content.

  • Ports Assignment:

    • VLAN 10: Fast Ethernet 0/1 and 0/2.
    • VLAN 20: Fast Ethernet 0/3 and 0/4.

  • Broadcast Messages:

    • Messages from VLAN 10 do not cross into VLAN 20; inter-department communication is restricted by default.

Steps for Configuration

  1. Configure IP addresses on PCs.
  2. Configure VLANs on the switch.
  3. Assign ports to VLANs:
    • Fast Ethernet 0/1 and 0/2 to VLAN 10.
    • Fast Ethernet 0/3 and 0/4 to VLAN 20.
  4. Configure Trunk Port:
    • Set Fast Ethernet 0/5 as a trunk port to carry traffic for multiple VLANs.
  5. Configure Router Sub-Interfaces:
    • Create sub-interfaces for inter-VLAN routing:
      • Fast Ethernet 0/0.1 for VLAN 10 (192.168.10.11).
      • Fast Ethernet 0/0.2 for VLAN 20 (192.168.10.19).
  6. Configure Encapsulation:
    • Use encapsulation dot1Q for VLAN tagging on sub-interfaces.

Default Gateway Configuration

  • PC Configurations:

    • PC in VLAN 10:
      • IP Address: 192.168.10.9
      • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248
      • Default Gateway: 192.168.10.11
    • PC in VLAN 20:
      • IP Address: 192.168.10.17
      • Default Gateway: 192.168.10.19

  • Ensures PCs can ping within VLANs and across VLANs via the router.

Troubleshooting

  • Common Issues:
    • Initial failures could occur due to incorrect default gateway settings.
    • Ensure all switch ports are correctly assigned to their respective VLANs before trunking.

Communication Process

  • Traffic Flow:
    1. ICMP traffic is generated from PC in one VLAN.
    2. Switch checks the VLAN membership of the port, forwards traffic to trunk.
    3. Router receives tagged traffic, processes it via sub-interfaces, and can send back untagged traffic to the appropriate VLAN.
    4. Communication established between PCs across VLANs through routing.

Conclusion

  • Inter-VLAN routing successfully allows communication between VLAN 10 and VLAN 20.
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Full transcript