Ruby Laser There are many different types of lasers. The laser medium can be a solid, gas, liquid or semiconductor. Lasers are commonly designated by the type of lasing material employed. The most important types of lasers are solid-state lasers, gas lasers, excimer lasers, dye lasers, semiconductor lasers Ruby laser in this type of laser the lasing material is a solid a Ruby laser consists of a flash tube a Ruby rod and two mirrors one of the mirrors is partially silvered The ruby rod is the lasing medium and the flash tube energizes the medium.
The flash tube fires and injects light into the ruby rod. The light excites atoms in the ruby. Some of these atoms emit photons.
Most of these photons move in a direction parallel to the axis of the ruby rod and they bounce back and forth from the mirrors. As they pass through the crystal, they stimulate emission in other atoms. These photons come out through the partially silvered mirror as a monochromatic single phase and columnated laser.