Overview
This lecture introduces the fundamental concepts of computers, including definitions, components, classifications, and basic operations.
What is a Computer?
- A computer is an electronic device that processes data to produce information.
- It accepts input, processes data, stores information, and produces output.
Basic Functions of a Computer
- Input: Entering data into the computer through devices like a keyboard or mouse.
- Processing: The computer's CPU manipulates and processes input data.
- Output: The computer presents information using output devices such as monitors and printers.
- Storage: Data and instructions are saved for later use in storage devices.
Components of a Computer System
- Hardware: Physical parts of a computer like CPU, memory, keyboard, and monitor.
- Software: Programs and instructions that run on the hardware, including operating systems and applications.
- Users: People who operate or interact with the computer.
- Data: Raw facts and figures processed by the computer.
Types and Classifications of Computers
- Supercomputers: Extremely powerful, used for complex calculations.
- Mainframe Computers: Large, used by organizations for bulk data processing.
- Minicomputers: Mid-sized, used by small to medium businesses.
- Microcomputers: Personal computers for individual use, including desktops and laptops.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Hardware — The physical components of a computer system.
- Software — Programs that instruct the computer to perform tasks.
- CPU (Central Processing Unit) — The brain of the computer, processes instructions.
- Input Device — Hardware used to enter data into a computer (e.g., keyboard).
- Output Device — Hardware that displays or presents processed data (e.g., monitor).
- Storage Device — Hardware for saving data (e.g., hard drive).
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review assigned textbook chapters on basic computer concepts.
- Prepare definitions and examples for the next class discussion.